Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
6
Transgenic Horticultural
Crops on the African
Continent
Idah Sithole-Niang
CONTENTS
Introduction............................................................................................................ 147
South.Africa............................................................................................................ 149
Bt.Potato............................................................................................................ 149
Fruits.................................................................................................................. 150
Egypt....................................................................................................................... 150
Squash,.Melon,.Watermelon,.and.Cucumber..................................................... 150
Kenya...................................................................................................................... 150
Sweet.Potato...................................................................................................... 150
Uganda.................................................................................................................... 151
Transgenic.Banana............................................................................................. 151
Ongoing.Projects.................................................................................................... 151
Status.of.Biosafety.Regulation.in.Selected.African.Countries............................... 152
Expected.Economic.Effects.of.Introducing.Transgenic Horticultural.Crops.
in Ghana.................................................................................................................. 152
Way.Forward:.Synergies.and.Lessons.Learned...................................................... 153
References.............................................................................................................. 153
INTRODUCTION
Globally,.the.area.planted.to.genetically.modiied.crops.has.continued.to.increase..
In.2008,.the.area.planted.to.genetically.modiied.organisms.(GMOs).was.125.mil-
lion. hectares,. representing. 13.3 million. farmers. in. 25. countries. made. up. of. 15.
developing. countries. and. 10. developed. countries.
1
. Of. these. countries,. only. three.
African.countries.have.commercialized.GMOs,.namely,.South.Africa,.Egypt,.and.
Burkina. Faso,. with. the. latter. two. being. in. their. irst. year. of. commercialization..
South.Africa.irst.commercialized.
Bacillus thuringiensis
.(Bt).cotton.in.1997,.and.
in. subsequent. years,. six. other. crop/trait. combinations. would. be. commercialized:.
Bt.maize.in.1998,.round-up.ready.(RR).soybean.in.2000,.RR.cotton.also.in.2000,.
herbicide.tolerant.(HT).maize.in.2002,.the.stacked.traits.HT.and.Bt.cotton.in.2005,.
147
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