Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Among the floral nectaries in the strict sense, Schmid (1988) recognizes
nectaries on the following flower parts:
•
Receptacles (
receptacular
nectaries; Fig. 6) with three types, which are
discussed in more detail on page 42:
Extrastaminal
nectaries
Intrastaminal
nectaries
Interstaminal
nectaries
•
Hypanthia (
hypanthial
nectaries; Fig. 6)
•
Tepals (
perigonal
or
tepal
nectaries)
•
Sepals (
sepal
or calyx nectaries; Fig. 4)
•
Petals (
petal
or
corolla
nectaries; Fig. 4)
•
Stamens (
staminal
or
androecial
nectaries; Fig. 4), with three main possi-
bilities:
On filaments (
filament
nectaries)
On anthers (
anther
nectaries)
On staminodes (
staminodal
nectaries)
•
Pistils (
gynoecial
nectaries; Fig. 5) with four possibilities:
On stigmata (
stigmatic
nectaries)
On styles (
stylar
nectaries)
On pistillodes (
pistillodal
or
carpellodial
nectaries)
On ovaries with two variants:
On the outer regions (
ovarian
nectaries, designated as
non-
septal
nectaries by Schmid (1988), but as it is a negative way
to define them, it may be confusing). According to the type of
ovary, these nectaries can be on the ovary wall if it is superior
or on its top if it is inferior.
In the septal regions (
septal
nectaries) between adjacent carpels
that result from incomplete intercarpellary post-genital fusion
(Rao, 1975; Schmid, 1985; vanHeel, 1988; Simpson, 1993;
Rudall, 2002). Smets and Cresens (1988) and Smets et al. (2000)
recommended the use of
gynopleural
instead of septal, because it
is more specific and covers inner, outer, and confluent septal nec-
taries.
Regarding the receptacular nectaries, some comments need to be made. First,
the use of the word “disc” or “disk” is discouraged. Although it is (and was)
widely utilized in the literature, it has been employed for so many different
structures, including nectariferous and non-nectariferous ring-like structures
located in diverse floral parts (e.g., ovary, androecium, receptacle), that
it is hard to define what a disc is (e.g., Daumann, 1931; Fahn, 1977, 1979;
Cronquist, 1981; Smets, 1986; Schmid, 1988; Smets & Cresens, 1988;
