Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
2. For a review of federal laws and regulations regarding air pollution, see Gary C.
Bryner, Blue Skies, Green Politics: The Clean Air Act of 1990 and Its Implementation
(CQ, 1993, 1995). For a brief history of efforts by the local and state governments
in California, see Jeffrey Fawcett, The Political Economy of Smog in Southern Califor-
nia (Garland, 1990), 78-91.
3. Bryner, 256, 257.
4. California Air Resources Board, “Zero-Emission Vehicle Program Changes,”
accessed June 10, 2002 at http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/
zevchanges.pdf.
5. Today's hybrid vehicles run cleaner because they consume less fuel than con-
ventionally powered cars of equivalent performance. Future hybrids employing
engines running at constant speed have the potential to be even cleaner because it
is easier to control the emissions of engines that are not continually speeding up
and slowing down. For a discussion of hybrid vehicles, see Victor Wouk, “Hybrid
Electric Vehicles,” Scientific American 277 (1997), no. 4, 70-74.
6. A. John Appleby, “The Electrochemical Engine for Vehicles,” Scientific American,
281 (1999), no. 1, 74-79.
7. I. Gottberg, J. E. Rydquist, O. Backlund, S.Wallman,W. Maus, R. Bruck, and H.
Swars, New Potential Exhaust after Treatment Technologies for Clean Air Legisla-
tion. SAE Technical Paper 10840, 1991, 3.
8. Lamont C. Hempel et al., Going After Gross Polluters: Remote Sensing of On-
Road Vehicle Emissions. Center for Politics and Policy, Claremont Graduate
School, 1992.
9. RAND Corporation, Rx for Urban Smog: Find and Fix Those 'Clunker' Cars.
Accessed June 10, 2002 at http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/
RRR.fall94.calif/smog.html. For an evaluation of the costs and benefits of pollu-
tion reduction, see J. Clarence Davies and Jan Mazurek, Pollution Control in the
United States: Evaluating the System (Resources for the Future, 1998), 123-150 and
278-280.
10. James M. Lents and William J. Kelly, “Clearing the Air in Los Angeles,” Scien-
tific American 269 (1993), no. 4, 38.
11. State of California, Department of Finance, Table J-3, “Transportation and
Public Utilities,” accessed June 2002 at http://www.dof.ca.gov/html/FS_DATA/
STAT-ABS/sec_ J.htm.
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