Database Reference
In-Depth Information
[109] is a more recent initiative that can perhaps be described as a
“light-weight” Semantic Web. In a nutshell, Linked Data describes a
paradigm shift from a Web of linked documents towards a Web of linked
data. Flexible, minimalistic, and local vocabularies are required to inter-
link single, context-specific data fragments on the Web. In conjunction
with ontologies, such raw data can be combined and reused on-the-fly.
In comparison to SDIs, the Linked Data paradigm is relatively simple
and, therefore, can help to open up SDIs to casual users. Within the
last years, Linked Data has become the most promising vision for the
Future Internet and has been widely adopted by academia and industry.
The Linking Open Data cloud diagram provides a good and up-to-date
overview. Some of the foundational work for taking sensor data to the
Linked Data paradigm has been in the context of Digital Earth [109],
which calls for more dynamic information systems, new sources of infor-
mation, and stronger capabilities for their integration. Sensor networks
have been identified as a major information source for the Digital Earth,
while Semantic Web technologies have been proposed to facilitate inte-
gration. So far, sensor data is stored and published using the Observa-
tions and Measurements standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium
(OGC) as data model. With the advent of Volunteered Geographic In-
formation and the Semantic Sensor Web, work on an ontological model
gained importance within Sensor Web Enablement. In contrast to data
models, an ontological approach abstracts from implementation details
by focusing on modeling the physical world from the perspective of a
particular domain. Ontologies restrict the interpretation of vocabularies
towards their intended meaning. The ongoing paradigm shift towards
Linked Sensor Data complements this attempt. Two questions need to
be addressed:
How to refer to changing and frequently updated data sets using
Uniform Resource Identifiers.
How to establish meaningful links between those data sets, i.e.,
observations, sensors, features of interest, and observed properties?
The work in [109] presents a Linked Data model and a RESTful proxy
for OGC's Sensor Observation Service to improve integration and inter-
linkage of observation data for the Digital Earth.
In summary, today with the existence of practical and real-world sen-
sor domain ontologies (such as SSN and SWEET), RDF storage and
streaming query language mechanisms, and the availability of linked
sensor data - we are in a position to use such infrastructure for building
practical sensor data mining applications.
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