Database Reference
In-Depth Information
provide the insights required to decide which topics to acquire for the
different locations, based on the aggregate analysis.
Electronic Payment Systems
Numerous electronic payment sys-
tems are now being developed with the use of a variety of smart tech-
nologies. The connectivity of RFID readers to the internet can be used
in order to implement payment systems. An example is the Texas Instru-
ments's
Speedpass
, pay-at-pump system, which was introduced in Mobil
stations in the mid-nineties. This system uses RFID technology in order
to detect the identity of the customer buying gas, and this information is
used in order to debit the money from the customer's bank account. An-
other popular payment system, which is becoming available with many
mobile phones is based on
Near Field Communications (NFC)
.Manyof
the latest Android phones have already implemented such systems for
mobile payments.
Health Applications
RFID and sensor technology have been shown
to be very useful in a variety of health applications [100]. For exam-
ple, RFID chips can be implanted in patients in order to track their
medical history. Sensor technology is also very useful in automated
monitoring of patients with heart or alzheimer's conditions, assisted liv-
ing, emergency response, and health monitoring applications [31, 36,
74]. Internet-connected devices can also directly communicate with the
required emergency services when required, in order ro respond to emer-
gences, when the sensed data shows the likelihood of significant deteri-
oration in the patient's condition. Smart healthcare technology has the
potential to save lives, by significantly improving emergency response
times.
3. Networking Issues: Impact on Data
Collection
The primary networking issues for the internet of things arise during
the data collection phase. At this phase, a variety of technologies are
used for data collection, each of which have different tradeoffs in terms
of capabilities, energy eciency, and connectivity, and may also impact
both the cleanliness of the data, and how it is transmitted and managed.
Therefore, we will first discuss the key networking technologies used for
data collection. This will further influence our discussion on data-centric
issues of privacy, cleaning and management:
