Database Reference
In-Depth Information
11
Maritime Monitoring
Thomas Devogele, Laurent Etienne, and Cyril Ray
11.1 Maritime Context
The maritime environment still represents unexploited potential for modeling,
management, and understanding of mobility data. The environment is diverse,
open but partly ruled, and covers a large spectrum of ships, from small sailboats
to supertankers, which generally exhibit type-related behaviors. Similarly to
terrestrial or aerial domains, several real-time positioning systems, such as the
Automatic Identification System
(AIS), have been developed for keeping track
of vessel movements. However, the huge amounts of data provided by these
reporting systems are rarely used for knowledge discovery. This chapter aims at
discussing different aspects of maritime mobilities understanding. This chapter
enables readers to, first, understand the intrinsic behavior of maritime positioning
systems and then proposes a methodology to illustrate the different steps leading
to trajectory patterns for the understanding of outlier detection.
11.1.1 Maritime Traffic
The maritime environment has a huge impact on the world economy and our
everyday lives. Beyond being a space where numerous marine species live,
the sea is also a place where human activities (sailing, cruising, fishing, goods
transportation, etc.) evolve and increase drastically. For example, worldmaritime
trade of goods volume has doubled since the seventies and reached about 90% of
global trade in terms of volume and 70% in terms of value. This ever increasing
traffic leads to navigation difficulties and risks in coastal and crowded areas
where numerous ships exhibit different movement objectives (sailing, fishing,
etc.), which can be conflicting. The disasters and damages caused in the event
of sea collisions can pose serious threats to the environment and human lives.
221
