CHRONOLOGY - Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present - page 420

1907-1912
Third Duma in session.

1914
Demonstrations in the Ukraine marking cente-
nary of Taras Shevchenko's birthday.
(June) Czar Nicholas II considers abolition of
Duma.
Assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Fer-
dinand in Sarajevo triggers crisis that leads to
European war.
(July) Austria declares war on Serbia.
(August) Germany declares war on Russia; World
War I begins with Russia fighting with France,
Great Britain, and Serbia against Germany,
Austria-Hungary, and, later, the Ottoman
Empire.
Russian defeat at Tannenberg.
Prohibition decreed.
St. Petersburg renamed Petrograd.

1908
Austria annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina, heighten-
ing tensions in the Balkans.

1909
Publication of Vekhi essays, symposium published
by a group of politicians and philosophers.
(May) First performance of Diaghilev's Ballets
Russes.

1910
Igor Stravinsky's Firebird ballet scandalizes Paris.
Lev (Leo) Tolstoy dies at Astapovo railroad
station.

1910-1911
Stolypin land reform laws passed by Duma.

1915
Formation of War Industries Committee.
German offensive leads to major territorial losses
of Poland, Lithuania, Kurland, and western
Belorussia.
Germans, Poles, and Jews deported from west-
ern border areas of Russian Empire.
(May) German-Austrian breakthrough at Gor-
lice-Tarnow.
(August) Formation of Progressive Bloc in
Duma; political crisis.
(September) Nicholas II assumes personal com-
mand of troops in Mogilev.
International socialist antiwar conferences at
Zimmerwald.

1911
Agadir crisis.
(January) Western zemstvo bill defeated.
(September) Assassination of Stolypin in Kiev
Opera house.

1911-1913
Ritual murder case against a Jew, Beilis, in Kiev.

1912
(April) Massacre of workers in Lena goldfields,
followed by strike wave.
First issue of Pravda , Bolshevik newspaper edited
by Vyacheslav Molotov.
(November) Fourth Duma convenes; will last
until March 1917, a few months short of com-
pleting its full term.

1916
(April) International socialist conference at
Kienthal.
(June) Brusilov offensive.
Uprisings in various parts of Central Asia,
protesting labor mobilizations of local resi-
dents.
(November) Miliukov's “Stupidity or Treason”
speech in Duma.
(December) Rasputin assassinated in St. Peters-
burg.

1912-1913
(October-May) First Balkan War.

1913
(July-August) Second Balkan War.
Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring creates an uproar
in Paris.