CHRONOLOGY - Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present - page 411

Union of Old Finland, which had been Russian
since 1721 and 1743, with Grand Duchy of
Finland.
Fall of Speranskii.
Russians establish settlement at Fort Ross in
northern California; it will remain until
1741.
(June-October) Napoleon's Russian campaign.
(June) Napoleon invades Russia.
(August) Battle of Borodino.
(September) Napoleon captures Moscow; Moscow
burnt.
(October) Napoleon retreats from Moscow.

1817-1857
Construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Peters-
burg.

1818
Bessarabia granted large measure of autonomy.
Alexander I opens the first sejm (parliament) of
the Kingdom of Poland.
Karamzin publishes History of the Russian State .

1819
University of St. Petersburg founded.

1820
Constantine, Alexander's brother, renounces rights
to the throne.

1813
Battle of Leipzig.

1821
Start of Greek revolt against Turkey.

1813-1814
Russians drive French armies back to Paris.

1822
Mikhail Speranskii reforms Siberian administration.
Statute on the administration of inorodtsy .
Annexation of the Middle Horde, and in 1824, of
Small Horde of the Kazakhs.

1814
Napoleon defeated at Waterloo; Alexander I
enters Paris triumphant.

1814-1815
Congress of Vienna, new partition of Poland,
leads to formation of “Kingdom of Poland,”
with Alexander I as king, a constitution, and
a large measure of autonomy within the Rus-
sian Empire.

1823
Nicholas designated heir apparent to childless
Alexander.

1824
Founding of Latvian Literary Society.

1816
University of Warsaw opened (closed in 1831).
Union of Salvation founded; first secret organi-
zation of the future Decembrists.

1825
Novosiltsev's Constitutional Charter presented.
Griboedov's comedy Woe from Wit.
Pushkin's Boris Godunov .
Death of Alexander in Taganrog.
Decembrist revolt.

1816-1819
Serfs emancipated without land in Estonia, Kur-
land, and Livonia.

1825-1846
Kazakh uprising led by Kenisari Kasimov.

1816-1821
Arakcheev's military colonies.

1825-1855
Reign of Nicholas I, younger brother of Alexan-
der I.

1817
Makarev Fair transferred to Nizhnii Novgorod.