CHRONOLOGY - Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present - page 405

1705-1706
Streltsy revolt at Astrakhan.

1714
Decree requires that estates be handed down to
a sole heir.
Practice of “feeding” ( kormleniia ) is abolished,
and civil servants are placed on a salary.
Naval academy is opened.
Russians win naval victory over Swedes at Hangö.

1707
Reform of provincial administration.
Swedes, led by King Charles XII, begin major
advance against Russia.

1707-1708
Cossack revolt on lower Don River, led by Kon-
dratii Bulavin.

1715-1717
First Russian expedition to Central Asia.

1716
Flight of Peter's son Alexis to Vienna and Naples.
Military Code is issued.

1708
Swedes defeated at the battle of Lesnaya. Cos-
sack ataman Mazepa joins their side.
Reformed Cyrillic alphabet adopted.

1716-1717
Construction of Peterhof (Petrodvorets) palace
near St. Petersburg begins.

1708-1709
Sweden invades Russia.

1716-1718
Founding of the fortresses of Omsk and Semi-
palatinsk.

1709
Battle of Poltava gives Russia a decisive victory
over Sweden.

1717
Peter's second journey to western Europe; he
visits the Netherlands and Paris.
Alexis returns to Russia.
Establishment of government colleges to replace
chancelleries.

1710
First household and tax census.
Russians take Livonia and Estonia.

1711
War with Turkey; Russian troops defeated on the
Prut River; Azov surrendered to the Turks.
Peter abolishes most trading monopolies.
Peter creates the Senate to replace the traditional
Czar's Council (Boyar Duma).
Court and many administrative agencies trans-
ferred to St. Petersburg from Moscow.

1718
Investigation and trial of Alexis and others on
charges of conspiracy. Alexis is executed after
guilty verdict.

1718-1722
National census conducted.

1712
Peter's marriage to Catherine, his mistress.

1719
Provincial reform.

1713
St. Petersburg becomes Russia's capital.
Peace treaty with the Ottoman Empire.

1720
Naval Code and General Regulation are issued to
assist in efforts to systematize the government
bureaucracy.

1713-1718
Measures taken against Muslim Tatar nobility.