Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fostering public transport (PT)
Recovery urban quality (UQ)
Mobility management through specific measures (MM)
Improvement mobility for impaired people (MIP)
Urban freight transport (UF)
Integrated mobility and land use policies (MLU)
Environmental quality improvement and energy saving (EQ/ES)
Mobility plans for large companies (MPC)
Safety improvement (SI)
Some Strategies and Measures
There are four basic policy categories in SUTP: (1) Reducing the need for motorized
transport, (2) enhancing modal shift, (3) developing clean and silent transport
systems, (4) improving transport efficiency (Sustainable Urban)
[14]
(Table
1
).
The lack of space prevents this paper from showing the analysis of cases which
would result on a more detailed benchmarking exercise. So, let's say that each
country has developed its legislation, rules or guidelines having in mind the different
needs of their municipalities. The monitoring process carried out by and in each
one of them, shows different results against the specified objectives of the plan.
It is important to remark that, despite the long list of cities analyzed; only a few
provide data regarding the quantitative reduction of emissions (Table
2
).
Almost all of the plans give information about the impact of the measures on
congestion and modal shift, which obviously have positive effects on urban envi-
ronment, but it is not enough, since detailed consideration of local circumstances
would be needed.
Results and Discussion
Each country names its urban mobility plans in a different manner: PDUs, PTUS,
PUM, LTP are all different names given to the same reality. But, as “head document”
above all of them the UE is remarkable the recent Green Paper Towards a new
culture for urban mobility (COM 2007), that claims for integrated urban mobility
approaches, expressed in Sustainable Urban Transport Plans (SUTP). This docu-
ment proves that it is time to act and, so, the European Commission committed
itself to produce guidelines to implement those plans, not yet published. Indeed, if
in 2001 the White Paper European Transport Policy first came out under the title
“time to decide”, maybe this Green one should be called as “time to act”.) These
guidelines should be the umbrella that covered the different national plans, suggest-
ing a minimum content for each one in such a way that all of them had a common
evaluation framework, with a set of indicators and goals that allowed, through a
benchmarking exercise, the dissemination of good practices. Anyway, it is indifferent
