Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2
PAH concentrations in river water samples (mg/L)
Dibenzo-
thiophene
Anthr-
acene
Fluor-
anthene
Rivers
Sampling date
Indene
Azulene
Pyrene
Nzhelele
Aug 09, 2005
2.5
ND
1.9
6.7
4.2
4.6
Nzhelele
Aug 27, 2005
1.9
ND
3.3
28.6
24.2
0.1
Nzhelele
Sept 23, 2005
1.2
ND
2.2
8.2
8.3
11.1
Mutshundudi
Aug 09, 2005
0.8
ND
0.9
53.5
23.5
4.6
Mutshundudi
Aug 27, 2005
1.8
ND
7.4
16.7
19.9
ND
Mutshundudi
Sept 23, 2005
3.3
ND
2.0
13.7
6.8
52.4
Mutale
Aug 27, 2005
1.5
ND
0.3
32.2
19.9
0.5
Dzindi
Sept 24, 2005
1.1
ND
9.4
34.2
3.6
9.4
Levhuvhu
Sept 24, 2005
1.6
ND
6.7
11.3
7.6
11.0
Table 3
Concentrations of PAHs in river sediment samples (mg/kg)
Dibenzo-
thiophene
Anthr-
acene
Fluor-
anthene Pyrene
Rivers
Sampling date
Indene
Azulene
Nzhelele
Aug 09, 2005
67.8
ND
50.0
1,460
588
24.6
Nzhelele
Aug 27, 2005
27.4
ND
401
9,190
5,110
26.6
Nzhelele
Sept 23, 2005
161.3
ND
89.8
2,320
1,520
69.3
Mutshundudi
Aug 09, 2005
156.0
ND
463.0
7,050
505
122.0
Mutshundudi
Aug 27, 2005
81.1
ND
1,650
9,870
2,420
22.8
Mutshundudi
Sept 23, 2005
114
ND
1,980
2,200
7,560
941
Mutale
Aug 27, 2005
162.6
ND
38.1
1,170
4,360
100.4
Dzindi
Sept 24, 2005
53.4
ND
73.5
1,360
1,030
42.3
Levhuvhu
Sept 24, 2005
110
ND
17.9
1,210
3,150
1,490
Table 4
Concentrations of PAHs in runoff water samples (mg/L)
Dibenzo-
thiophene
Anthr-
acene
Fluor-
anthene
Rivers
Sampling date
Indene
Azulene
Pyrene
Mutale
Dec 01, 2005
1.3
ND
1.0
37.7
78.5
10.3
Mutale
Dec 21, 2005
1.6
ND
3.3
195.0
81.3
25.2
Nzhelele
Dec 21, 2005
5.0
ND
31.5
17.1
3.4
940
Nzhelele
Jan 10, 2006
6.1
83.1
14.0
8.4
7.1
620
Mutshundudi
Dec 21, 2005
4.3
134
67.5
118.0
241.0
2,500
Mutshundudi
Jan 10, 2006
10.1
17.2
36.1
13.1
14.9
1,960
Dzindi
Jan 10, 2005
3.6
82.1
0.6
6.7
4.2
192.0
Thohoyandou
Dec 01, 2005
2.0
ND
7.1
81.5
10.8
10.2
Thohoyandou
Dec 19, 2006
1.9
10.5
10.5
230.0
251
7.2
University
Parking lot
Dec 19, 2005
3.2
9.5
25.8
196.0
9.2
14.9
as “sink” for the PAHs as they bind on sediments
[16, 24-26]
. Runoff levels of PAHs
were also consistently higher than the values found in waters from nearest rivers.
The higher levels of PAHs in the runoffs than in river water samples showed the
runoffs to be possible sources of PAHs in the receiving water bodies. Anthracene was
the major PAH in both river and runoff water samples and in sediment samples.
