Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Months
Temperature (°C) Precipitation (mm)
2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 1951-2006 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 1951-2006
IX
1
3.1
1
2.5
1
4.8
1
3.2
8
6
6
1
2
2
4
9
X
7
.8
9
.9
6
.8
8
.2
7
4
2
7
7
4
4
XI
1
.4
5
.1
5
.3
2
.7
3
6
2
0
4
2
3
9
XII
-
0.7
1
.3
-
1.7
-
1.4
6
3
5
4
2
3
7
I
1.0
-2.6
-8.3
-3.4
46
23
22
31
II
2
.9
-
0.7
-
1.7
-
2.4
1
1
2
9
2
9
2
9
III
3
.9
2
.2
3
.0
1
.7
3
9
6
1
1
3
3
0
IV
9
.5
1
1.0
9
.3
7
.9
4
3
2
1
7
4
0
V
1
3.5
1
3.7
1
4.3
1
3.5
8
3
6
3
1
10
5
7
VI
1
8.2
1
6.6
1
8.3
1
6.8
4
2
9
6
4
8
7
0
VII
1
8.8
2
0.1
2
2.1
1
8.5
9
4
6
9
4
3
8
5
VIII
1
8.6
1
8.4
2
0.3
1
7.3
7
2
9
8
1
19
7
5
Table 2.
Mean daily temperature of air (°C) and monthly sum of precipitation (mm) in Osiny in 2007-2010 compared
to the longtime average (1951-2006)
analysis of wheat plants and plant canopy, such as plant height, overall tillering, number of
plants and dry matter of wheat per unit area (1 m) were done.
Total protein of grain was determined based on the content of nitrogen measured by Kjeldahl
Nitrogen Determination Method x 5.83.
The results were analysed statistically. Analysis of variation for the completely randomized
model was applied and the significance of differences between means was verified by Tukey
test at α=0.05. Pearsons' correlations between grain yield of winter and spring wheat varieties
in organic system and yield limiting factors as well as morphological features and canopy
parameters were performed. Cluster analysis using Furthest Neighbour method was done in
order to divide varieties into groups with similar characteristics. Calculations were performed
using Statgraphic Plus version 2.1.
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Estimation of winter wheat varieties suitability for cultivation in organic farming
Yields of winter wheat cultivated in organic farming system were strongly differentiated in
years. An average for all varieties reached from 2.1 t ha
-1
in 2010 (unfavorable weather
conditions) to 5.4 t ha
-1
in 2008 (good weather conditions) (Table 3, 4).
No clear information about yields of winter wheat varieties cultivated in organic farming was
achieved. Among the varieties that are in the Registry, Smuga gave the highest yields. That
variety yielded so high in the growing season of 2009/2010 thanks to its good winter survival
