Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Application of Active EM-Calcium in Green Agricultural Production — Case Study in Tomato and…
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/58329
Root
Stem
Leaf
Whole
Plant(g)
Yield
(kg/hm
2
)
Dry
matter
(g)
Dry
matter
(g)
Treatment
Dry
matter(g)
Proportion
(%)
Proportion
(%)
Proportion(%)
CK
63.2
21.76%
82.9
28.55%
144.3
49.69%
290.4
2164.5
P1
62.1
21.01%
85.4
28.89%
148.1
50.10%
295.6
2221.5
P2
58.7
21.43%
75.4
27.53%
139.8
51.04%
273.9
2097.0
P3
64.5
22.13%
80.5
27.62%
146.5
50.26%
291.5
2197.5
P4
73.6
22.54%
88.1
26.97%
164.9
50.49%
326.6
2473.5
P5
67.7
22.76%
78.3
26.32%
151.5
50.92%
297.5
2272.5
P6
68.7
22.50%
77.9
25.52%
158.7
51.98%
305.3
2380.5
Table 6.
The dry matter accumulation of different tobacco organs and the total yield under different treatments.
3.2.4. Nutrient absorption
Calcium is well known to maintain proper membrane structure and integrity and plays
important roles in crop development and disease control (Almeida et al., 2009; Berry et al.,
1988; Evans, 1953; Hall, 1977). In flue-cured tobacco cultivation, calcium helps to coordinate
the physiology function of tobacco plant, making the tobacco plant root system stronger,
growing vigorously and harvesting timely. Ca
2+
has promoting effects for the growth of tobacco
seedlings and can improve the drought-resistant ability of tobacco seedlings. In addition, the
high calcium content in tobacco leaves delays the maturity of tobacco, characterized by
stiffness and hardness of the tobacco leaves, thus the use value of tobacco leaves is decreased,
excess calcium may also cause disorder of some microelements in tobacco plants and produce
toxic impacts; while calcium deficiency can lead to the deformity of tobacco plants and generate
a spoon-shaped reverse disease of tobacco leaves. As was shown in Fig. 6, the exogenous
application of calcium significantly increased the calcium content in tobacco leaves, and the
effects of spraying in root-extending stage were more satisfactory than those in other stages,
this may be related to that the water stress in maturity affected negatively the effects of EM-
calcium.
3.2.5. Irrigation water use efficiency
Fig. 7 showed the
IWUE
of flue-cured tobacco plants with different treatments. It could be seen
that the differences of
IWUE
among the treatments were more significant, P4 obtained the
highest
IWUE
of 0.618 kg/m
3
, followed by P6, and
IWUE
value of T2 was the minimum,
recording as 0.524 kg/m
3
. Since the equal irrigation amount among the treatments,
IWUE
presented a positive relationship with the flue-cured tobacco yield.
