Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste–Based Electrodes, Sensors, and Detectors - Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste Electrodes - page 332

TABLE 8.16 (continued)
Analysis of Biologically Important Compounds at Carbon Paste Electrodes: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Analyte Modiier Carbon Paste Techniques Comments Ref(s)

Lactate Baker's.yeast.+.nile.blue,.methylene.

blue,.toluidine.blue,.prussian.blue,.
meldola.blue

G/po CV,.A.(0.1/0.3.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor;.yeast.as.a.source.for.cytochrome.b2

PBS,.pH.7.2

[1483]

l-Lactate Baker's.yeast.(pretreated.with.meOH.or.

etOH).+.ferricyanide

CV,.A.(0.3.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor.with.yeast.as.a.source.of.lavocytochrome.b2

PBS.+.LiCl.0.1.M,.pH.7.3;.LOD.3-6.μM

[2685]

Lactate Yeast. Hansenula .anomala.+.mediators G/Nj.or.po A.(0.05-0.3.V.vs..SCE) Biosensor.via.cytochrome.b2

PBS,.pH.7.6-7.7

[2686]

Malate Toluidine.blue.O.PEI.polymer.+.malate.

de-hydrogenase.+.NAD +

G/po CV,.FIA.(0.V.vs..SCE) Biosensor,.redox.polymer,.direct.e − -transfer.;.PBS.

0.25.M,.pH.7

[938]

Organic.acids Pd.NP CZE As.detector;.LOD.<.2.μM

s:.fruit.juices

[2687]

Oxalic
Tartaric
Malic
Fumaric
Citric
Succinic
Oxalic.acid Pd.NP.electrodeposited CV Catalytic.ox..via.Pd(II);.H 2 SO 4 .0.1.M;.LOD.20.μM [971]

Oxalic.acid Carbon.nanoibers.+.Pd.NP G/mo CV,.DPV Decrease.of.overpotential.via.ox..of.Pd;.HClO 4 .0.1.M;.

LOD.0.2.mM;.s:.spinach

[2688]