Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste–Based Electrodes, Sensors, and Detectors - Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste Electrodes - page 330

TABLE 8.16 (continued)
Analysis of Biologically Important Compounds at Carbon Paste Electrodes: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Analyte Modiier Carbon Paste Techniques Comments Ref(s)

Lactate NAD + .immobilized.with.octanal LSV Enzymatic.reduction.of.the.co-substrate.and.oxidation.of.

lactate

[52]

Lactate Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.NAD + .+.

fumed.SiO 2

A [1000]

Lactate Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.GA.+.BSA.+.

NAD + .+.meldola.blue.on.silica.gel/
Nb-oxide

G/mo A.(0.V.vs..SCE) Reagentless.amperometric.biosensor;.PBS.0.1.M,.pH.7;.

LOQ.0.1.mM;.s:.blood.plasma

[1217]

l-Lactate l-Lactate.dehydro-genase.+.ferrocene.+.

diaphorase.+.NAD + .+.BSA.+.GA

G/vaseline CV,.FIA.(0.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor;.PBS.0.1.M.+.KCl.0.1.M,.pH.7 [875]

l-Lactate l-Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.GA.+.

BSA +.toluidine.blue.O/+.NAD +

G/po FIA.(0.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor;.PBS.0.1.M.+.KCl.0.1.M.(+.NAD + .1%),.pH.7 [1475]

d-Lactate PEI.+.d-lactate.dehydrogenase.+.NAD + +.

toluidine.blue.O.redox.polymer

G/po FIA.(−0.05.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor;.PBS.0.1.M,.pH.7

LOD.20.μM

[2677]

Lactate Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.NAD + .+.

poly( o -aminophenol),.
poly( o -phenylenediamine)

CV,.FIA.(0.15.V.vs..SSE) Amperometric.biosensor

PBS.0.1.M,.pH.8.5
LOD.0.75.μM

[1786]

d-Lactate d-Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.polym.-

toluidine.blue.O

G/po A Reagentless.biosensor.for.monitoring.fermentation.

process

[937,2678]

d/l-Lactate d-Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.mediator.+.

NAD+/l-lactate.oxidase.+.HRP

G(act)/so FIA Biosensors;.simultaneous.determination.with.low-split [180]

d-Lactate PEI.+.d-lactate.dehydrogenase.+.alanine.

aminotransferase.+.NAD + .+.toluidine.
blue.O.redox.polymer

G/po FIA.(−0.05.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor;.PBS.0.1.M,.pH.7 [2679]

Lactate Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.glutamic.

pyruvic.transaminase.+.NAD +

G/po CV,.A.(0.V.vs..SSE) Biosensor

PBS.0.1.M.+.glutamate.0.01.M,.pH.9.5
s:.cider

[1771]

l-Lactate Lactate.dehydrogenase.+.cytochrome.

c +.asolectin

A.(0.15.V.vs..SCE) [1672]

Reagentless.biosensor;.LOD.1.μM