Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste–Based Electrodes, Sensors, and Detectors - Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste Electrodes - page 294

TABLE 8.12 (continued)
Determination of Organic Compounds at Carbon Paste Electrodes, Sensors, and Detectors: Survey of Methods and Selected Studies:
Part 1: Environmental Pollutants, Synthetic Substances, and Industrially Important Products

Experimental and Electroanalytical
Characterization, Selected Data;
Notes

Analyte/Substance
(Org. Compound)

Speciication
[Chem. Formula]

Type of CPE (Modiier)/
[Coniguration]

Technique
(Mode) Sample(s) Ref(s)

Surfactants.(cationic,.
anionic,.and.non-ionic.
types)

(R3R′N+X-)
(R-(OCH 2 ) n −OH.
[R′R-(O)SO 3 − ]

C/TCP,.C/DOP,.C/NPOE.
[CP-ISEs.with.Q + Y − ]

POT.(dir.,.titr.) TCP:.tricresyl.phosphate;.Q + Y − :.

ion-associate.(as.modif..or.for.
saturation. in situ );.LODs:.down.to.
1 × 10 −6 .M

Model.solns.,.
natural/
industrial.
wastewater,.
(polluted.or.
spiked)

[2461,2462]

Triton X-100 .(non-ionic.
surfactant)

comm..product.
[C 14 H 22 O−(C 2 H 4 O) n ]

C/PO.(unm.) CV,.DPV Study.on.adsorption.afinity.of.T-X.at.

diff..conc..ranges.( c LIM .=.3.μM,.when.
above/below.diff..monolayer.structure

Model.solns. [317]

Dodecylbenzene-
sulfonate,.sodium.
(anionic.surfactant)

com..p.:.SDBS.
[C 18 H 29 NaO 3 S]

C/PO.(+Bu- Rhodamine-B ) CV,.ECL Extraction.of.ion-associate.with.modif.

(1).and.ECL-detn..(2).at.+1.3.V.vs..
ref.;.s.e.:.(1).HCl,.(2).NaOH;.LOD:.
5 ×.10 −7 .M

Model.solns..
(wastewater)

[2463]

Macromolecular and polymeric structures
Ricin.(oil).
(aka.“ Castor oil” )

Toxic.protein.
(glycosylated.
hetero-dimer)

CNTPE.(with.MW-Ts).
C/ PO.(unm.)

AImD Immunodetection.utilizing.crevice-like.

structure.of.CNTs.(conirmed.by.
SEM);.0.6-25.0.ng.mL −1 ;.trad..CPE.
also.tested

Water.samples [435]

Polystyrene.sulfonate.
(PSS)

Anionic.poly-
electrolyte(s).[RR′-(O)
SO 3 − ]

C/PO.(unm.).[+Fc(Me) 3 N + ,.
in situ ]

CV,.AdSV Indirect.detn..based.on.ion-pairing.of.

Fc(Me) 3 N + .and.PSS.with.oxidn..of.el..
active.Fc-group;.LOD:.1.μM;.usable.
to.some.bio-polymers.(e.g.,:.heparin)

Model.solns. [2464]

* . uμ.…ultramicro-..**.All.mixts..unm..and.of.diff..compositions.