Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 8.6 (continued)
Determination of Zinc, Thallium, Tin, Indium, Bismuth, Antimony, Arsenic, and Selenium at Carbon Paste Electrodes, Sensors,
and Detectors: Survey of Methods and Selected Studies
Type of CPE
(Modiier)
Technique
(Mode)
Measuring Principles
(Method Sequences)
Linearity Range
(LOD;
t
ACC
/
t
R
)
Other Speciication
(Remarks)
Ion, Species
Sample(s)
Ref(s)
Zn
2+
,.Me
2+
s-CPE.(C/wx).
(Hg
2
C
2
O
4
)
DPASV
accum..via.ion-exchange
redn.;.anodic.reoxidn.
ca..100.μg.L
−1
.Zn
2+
.
(−)
Medicinal.plants,.
ayurvedic.tablets
CP-binder:.solidiied.
parafin wax
Compared.to.AAS;.Me:.
Cd, Pb,.Cu
[316]
Zn
2+
,.Me
2+
C/SO.(+SbF,.
in situ
)
PSA
accum..onto.Bi.via.Me
a
Bi
b
.
alloy.formation;.reoxidn.
Model.solns.
Sb
III
.added.serves.as.a.(i).
source.of.SbF,.(ii).for.
chemical.oxidn.;.s.e.:.
acidiied.KCl,.KBr;.Me:.
Cd, Pb,.Tl
[1994]
ca..50.μg.L
−1
.Zn
2+
.(−)
Zn
2+
,.Tl
+
,.In
3+
C/SO.(+SbF;.
in situ
)
SWASV,.
CCSA
accum..Via.electrolytic.
redn.,.Me
a
Bi
b
.alloy.form.
Anodic.reoxidn..by.Sb
3+
0.1-0.5.mg.L
−1
.Zn.(−)
Model.solns.
comp..to.MF-,.BiF-,.and.
SbF-CPE,.as.well.as.CCSA.
with.SWASV
s.e.:.0.01.M.HCl.(pH.2).
[1894,.
1996]
Zn
2+
,.Me
2+
C/SO.(Sb
2
O
3
,.SbOL)
SWASV
accum..via.electrolytic.
redn.,.Me
a
Bi
b
.alloy.form.
Anodic.reoxidn.
20-200.ppb.Zn.
(19 ppb.Zn;.300.s)
Model.solns.
L:.OH
−
.or.Cl
−
.(ligand);.comp..
with.SbF-.and.Sb
2
O
3
−
CPE;.
0.1.M.HCl;.Me:.Cd,.Pb,.Sn,.
In,.and.Tl
[1898]
Tl
+
, Tl
III
Tl
III
,.TlCl
4
−
C/PO.(
Amberlite
LA-2
)
CV,.DPASV
accum..via.ion-pairing;.
elelyt..redn..(Tl
III
.→.Tl
0
)
Anodic.reoxidn.
0.1-1000.μg.L
−1
.Tl.
(ca..0.1.μg.L
−1
)
Fly.ash
o.c..and.MEx;.s.e.:.0.001.M.
HCl;.CMCPE.regnt..in.1.M.
AmB
[1745]
Tl
III
,.TlX
4
−
s-CPE.(C/phen).
(R
4
N
+
,.Ar
4
P
+
,.
in situ
)
DPASV
o.c.-accum..by.ion-pairing
MEx;.redn.;.reoxidn.
10-1000.μg.kg
−1
.
(10.μg.kg
−1
)
Zinc.alloys
Phen:.solidiied.
phenanthroline;.X:.Cl,.Br;.
s.e.:.ammonia.buffer,.0.01.M.
HCl.+.0.15.M.KCl/KBr
[76]
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