Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
A
4
0.5
A
3
A
2
A
5
A
1
0
0
0.4
E
[V]
C
1
C
2
C
3
FIGURE 7.4
Current-voltage.curve.of.chalcocite.(Cu
2
S).in.the.bulk.of.a.CPEE..
Experimental conditions
:.
Cu
2
S.(0.6.mg),.H
2
SO
4
.1.M.(40.mg);.carbon.(50.mg);.scan.rate:.10
−4
.V.·.s
−1
..(For.further.parameters.and.details,.
see.Lecuire,.J.-M.,.
J. Electroanal. Chem
.,.66,.195,.1975.)
7.2.3 s
urVey
oF
p
raCTiCal
a
ppliCaTions
With.respect.to.the.electrochemical.behavior,.there.has.been.a.whole.series.of.various.electroactive.
solids.characterized.by.using.CPEEs..They.include.the.following:
•.
Single metal oxides
,.such.as.iron.oxides.(Fe
2
O
3
.[2027,2031-2033],.Fe
3
O
4
.[2033,2034],.or.sev-
eral.Fe
x
O
y
.in.the.same.study.[148,2035,2036]);.copper.oxides.(CuO.[2033,2037-2039],.Cu
2
O.
[402,2033,2038,2039]);.lead.oxides.(PbO.[2040],.PbO
2
.[2031,2040,2041],.mixture.of.PbO
x
.for.
ceramic.analysis.[432]);.manganese.oxides.(MnO.[2042],.MnO
2
.[616,2031,2034,2042],.Mn
3
O
4
.
[2042],.or.various.Mn.oxides.[2044,2045].or.a.manganese.ore.[2046]);.vanadium.pentaoxide.
(V
2
O
5
.[2047],.or.several.others.(V
2
O
3
,.V
2
O
4
,.NaVO
3
,.VOSO
4
).in.one.joint.study.[2048-2051]);.
In
2
O
3
.[2052];.Bi
2
O
3
.[2053,2054];.Ag
2
O.[2037];.SnO
2
.[2055];.Co
3
O
4
.[2056];.PtO
2
.[2057];.or.
metal.oxides.in.mixture.(V
2
O
5
.+.MoO
3
.[2058])
•.
More “Sophisticated” metal oxides
,. such. as. metal. ferrites. (containing. copper.
[2033,2034,2059,2060],.manganese.[2034],.lead.[2061],.cadmium.[2062],.or.nickel.[2077]);.
supraconductors.(e.g.,.in.order.to.deine.the.state.of.Cu-atom.in.Y
A
Ba
B
Cu
C
O
D
.[539,2038],.
Bi-state. in. Bi
A
Sr
B
Ca
C
Cu
D
O
E
. [539,2053],. Pb-. and. Cu-state. in. Bi
A
Pb
B
Sr
C
Ca
D
Cu
E
O
F
.
[2064,2065]);.BaPbO
3
.[2040];.vanadium-doped.zirconia.VZrO
2
.[2066]
•.
Sulide-based minerals
,.such.as.sphalerite.ZnS.[305,2067-2070].or.marmatite.ZnS.[2071];.
galena.PbS.[305,2007,2072-2075];.covellite.CuS.[305].and.chalcocite.Cu
2
S.[616,2076];.chal-
copyrite.CuFeS
2
.[2077-2080];.arsenopyrite.FeAsS.[2081];.arsenic.sulides.(As
2
S
3
.and.As
4
S
4
.
[2075]). or. nickel. sulides. [2082,2083];. cinnabar. HgS. [2084];. metal. sulide. concentrates.
[2069,2085];.or.the.even.more.complex.sulide.AgCrTiS
4
.[2086]
•.
Other chalcogenides
,.such.as.PbSe.[2087];.CuSe.[2088];.Na
2
SeO
3
.[2089];.Ag
2
Se,.Ag
2
Te,.
and.Ag
2
S.[2090];.AuTe
2
.[616];.or.several.Mo-chalcogenides.[2091]
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