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newly found service with known ones may lead to new investigation
ideas. For example, assume that scientists used to use a statistical
analysis service with a microarray service, to find the significantly
expressed genes in some tissue. However, they are unaware of a newly
developed gene pathway service that is able to show interactions among
genes. If they can be prompted that their peer scientists frequently use
the pathway service together with the statistical one, they know that
from the microarray data they already have, they can identify not only
significant genes but also their interaction patterns.
Q2 is usually asked when a scientist's experimental procedure is too
complex. In the microarray experiment mentioned in the last paragraph,
scientists know that they need to obtain data out of a microarray service,
analyze them in another statistic service, and then retrieve pathway
information. However, such a procedure may be much more complex
than its literal description: querying data, setting up connection, and
downloading a large volume of data can take multiple steps; data need
to be cleaned before shipping to the statistic service; access to the
pathway service needs a special security mechanism, and so on. In this
case, they want to know the exact sequence in which these service
operations are chained together by others.
For the better understanding of Q1 and Q2, we also list two
questions, that is, Q1 0 and Q2 0 , which are frequently asked to a map
or GPS system.
Q1 0 : What other places do people who visit these places also visit?
and
Q2 0 : What is the best route between two places?
Questions Q1 and Q2 are clearly similar to Q1 0 and Q2 0 , respec-
tively. If we make an analogy between (1) service operations and places
in a map, and (2) scientific workflows (or service compositions) and
streets/routes in a map, we can easily conclude that the questions asked
by scientists resemble those that can be solved by a map or GPS system
(i.e., to recommend places to visit or find a route between two places).
This analogy inspires us to take a further step from our previous network
analysis of myExperiment by building a service network and associated
facility to address Q1 and Q2, just like how a map/GPS system
addresses Q1 0 and Q2 0 (Figure 8.11).
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