Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
AROMATIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
S
B
UBSTITUTED
ENZENES
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
1,2-dimethylbenzene
1,3-dimethylbenzene
1,4-dimethylbenzene
(
ortho
-xylene)
(
meta
-xylene)
(
para
-xylene)
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
+
+
Cl
2
+
HCl
Cl
chlorobenzene
1,2-dichlorobenzene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
(
ortho
)
(
para
)
The dimethylbenzenes (xylenes) are very important industrial chemicals
recovered during the refining of petroleum. All three xylenes are used to produce
the corresponding aromatic dicarboxylic acids by reaction with oxygen over
a catalyst.
ortho
-Dichlorobenzene is a colorless liquid while
para
-dichlorobenzene
(moth balls) is a crystalline white solid.
