Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
in any breed, but occurs far more frequently in modern turkeys and broilers. These
strains have been selected for rapid growth and are placed on a feed that is 21 to 24
percent protein and full of trace elements, vitamins, and minerals. They have been
genetically altered to the point of requiring very specific inputs to thrive. Even when
provided with the required inputs, they sometimes display quirks such as this condi-
tion. The rapid growth of commercial broiler chickens and turkeys makes it nearly
impossible for their immune system and structural system to keep up with the rapid
changes.
GAWKY BIG-BONED TEEN BIRDS
Several breeds of chickens have bone growth that varies from the norm. Jersey Giants
and Dorkings put on the bone structure prior to growth of muscles. This growth habit
makes a “teenager” look very awkward, as they do not yet seem to have the muscle
mass to cover their bones. The birds eventually grow the muscles to cover their big
bones, seeming to blossom overnight. With breeds such as these, healthy bone struc-
ture is vital. It's crucial to provide them with well-balanced feed that contains an ex-
cellent source of calcium, phosphorous, other minerals, and vitamin D.
If you are accustomed to store-purchased broiler chickens or broad-breasted turkey,
you will be taken aback when you serve up your first heritage bird raised on pasture.
The color of the meat will be a big shocker. I have dressed out birds with legs the color
of beefsteak.
Proper muscle growth depends upon the bird's access to the appropriate nutrients.
Rapid muscle growth means less flavor. Longer growth periods equal more flavorful
meat, but because the muscle also becomes stronger the longer it grows, the meat gets
tougher.
The yolk, white, and eggshell provide the nutrition for the unhatched chick. But once
the bird is hatched, the nutrition must come from a properly balanced ration and good,
fresh, clean water. The right balance of amino acids and minerals is key for muscles to
grow and function properly. Calcium is also necessary for proper growth and long-term
health.
Bones
Bone growth is most rapid after hatching. Bones are very soft and tender in a newly
hatched bird and the structure and stability change rapidly during the first few days.
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