Computational Schema as a Facilitator for Crowdsourcing in a “Social-Motive” Model of Design - Principia Designae: Pre-Design, Design, and Post-Design - page 215

Fig. 14.3 Generative
process of design. R
representation, D designer,
G generation (Oxman 2006 )
performance simulation and generation that can be integrated into various forms
of computational media.
Ideally they will provide interaction with any activity module with the data and
information flow in multiple directions. These may be thought of as an integrated
compound network of informed processes of design (Oxman 2006 ; Oxman
and Oxman 2014 ) .
For example: crowdsourcing in the design phase can be supported by gener-
ative model of design. Such generative models of design employ generative
algorithms to produce generic schema. These in turn can produce specific visual
geometric models of potential candidate design forms that may meet the desired
criteria (Fig. 14.3 ) .
Such performance model of design may also include, among others, the
following parameters: environmental performance, financial cost, spatial, social,
cultural, ecological and technological perspectives. Furthermore, performance-
based design may employ analytical techniques and simulations (P) that can
generate a parametric schema (G) according to parametric variables to map
desired performance (Fig. 14.3 ) . These in turn can produce geometric model
of desired design form (Oxman 2006 ).
An interesting possibility in the Pre-design phase consideration of crowd infor-
mation (such as environmental conditions, climate consideration, traffic, external
forces, social behavior and environmental properties, etc.) through crowdsourcing
can be supported by a model of performance-based design activating simulation
process that can be used to evaluate both physical and human behavior before
materialization and final solutions (Figs. 14.4 , 14.8 , 14.9 , and 14.10 ).
- Shared computational design representation
Various approaches and media of crowdsourcing design such as open-source
social networks generally lack the methodological ability to support informed
design processes, beyond textual or visual critique. In order to integrate methods