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Kannengiesser
2004
))
Moreover, the situated model introduces three different types of environments,
recursively linked together, in which those processes can take place:
• The external world is made of representations outside the designer.
• The interpreted world is made of sensory experiences, concepts and interpreted
representations of that world with which the designer interacts.
• The expected world is the world in which the effects of the actions of the
designer are imagined according to the current goals and the interpretations of
the present state of the world.
The situated model is shown in Fig.
12.1
(right), where the three different
worlds, the variable types, and their 20 characteristic transformation processes are
depicted.
An immediate consideration that clearly emerges from the analysis of the FBS
framework, with respect to the scope of the present work, is that needs identification
as well as requirements definition are not fully represented.
In actuality, Gero and Kannengiesser (
2004
) explicitly refer to the requirements
(R) of a design problem, but the description of the formulation process is limited to
the statement “the design agent interprets the explicit requirements (R) by produc-
ing the interpreted representations F
i
and, eventually, B
i
and S
i
”. Compared with the
careful description of the following design processes, the requirements definition
appears too simplistic, probably due to the traditionally limited relevance assigned
in design theory to user needs recognition.
despite the purpose of the paper is different from the present work: it actually claims
that “designing starts with a client's intentional aim or desire, and produces a phys-
icochemical description of an artefact by which the client can make the aim or desire
come true”, thus highlighting that the design process covers a more extended range
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