Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Kublai Khan of Mongolia attempts to conquer Japan for the second time, but the invasion force is
destroyed by a massive typhoon (the so-called kamikaze).
1333
The Kamakura Shōgunate is defeated, Emperor Daigo II returns from exile and the political capit-
al is re-established in Kyoto, where it remains until 1868.
1397
Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu is given a property to serve as a retirement villa. After his death, his
son turns the villa into Rokuon-ji, known today as Kinkaku-ji (the Golden Pavilion).
1467
The devastating Ōnin War breaks out in Kyoto between two families competing for shōgunate
succession, leading to nationwide war known as the Sengoku-Jidai (Warring States) period.
1482
Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimasa builds a retreat at the base of the Higashiyama mountains. After his
death, the retreat is converted into Jishō-ji, a temple known today as Ginkaku-ji.
1568
Oda Nobunaga, son of a daimyō in Owari Province (now known as Aichi-ken), seizes power from
the imperial court in Kyoto and begins to pacify and unify central Japan.
1591
The ruling shōgun, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, orders the construction of a wall around the city of
Kyoto. The wall extends for 23km and is traversable by seven gates.
1600
Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats Toyotomi at the Battle of Sekigahara. The Tokugawa Shōgunate govern-
ment is established in Edo (present-day Tokyo), but the capital remains in Kyoto.
1603
The castle known as Nijō-jō was built to serve as the official residence of the first Tokugawa Shō-
gun, Ieyasu. The castle is a direct challenge to the emperor's power.
1620
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