Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
4.9 An Investigation of High Summertime Ozone
Level in Istanbul with MM5/CMAQ Modeling System
Ulaş İm
1
, Selahattin İncecik
2
,
Kostandinos Markakis
3
, Tayfun Kındap
4
,
Anastasia Poupkou
3
, Orhan Yenigün
1
, M. Talat Odman
5
, Sema Topçu
2
,
Mete Tayanç
6
, and Dimitros Melas
3
1
Bogazici University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
2
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Meteorology, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
3
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki,
Greece
4
Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Maslak, İstanbul, Turkey
5
Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Atlanta,
GA, USA
6
International Cyprus University, Nicosia, Cyprus
Abstract
In this study a modeling system consisting of PSU-NCAR MM5 and
CMAQ model has been applied to a summertime high ozone period in Istanbul,
Turkey in the framework of COST-728 Action. A comprehensive anthropogenic
and model - ready emission inventory was developed for the first time to make
detailed air quality simulations possible in the region. Although the system is still
being tested and developed, the first results were very satisfactory. The model
performances are evaluated by comparing the model prediction to the measurements.
The results show that the predicted ozone concentrations are close to the measured
data at semi urban station of the city. But model predictions are underestimated at
a background station on Büyükada (Princess Island) due to its location. The statistical
evaluations of the model results showed that the modeling system was capable of
capturing the temporal resolution as well as the magnitudes, reasonably well.
1. Introduction
Istanbul with approximately 13 million inhabitants is one of the significant megacities
in the world. High emissions of NOx and VOCs concurrent with high radiation
and temperature in ozone season lead to elevated ozone concentrations. Topçu and
Incecik (2002, 2003) reported ozone concentrations higher than 100 µg m
3
. Im
et al. (2006, 2008) studied the long term ozone levels in Istanbul. Anteplioğlu et al.
(2003, 2003) investigated the local circulations enhancing the ozone levels in
Istanbul. Within the COST-728 and TUJJB projects, new ozone and ozone precursor
measurement stations was designed and established to investigate the temporal
