Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
2.18 Modelling the Individual Contributions
of Gaseous Emissions Sources to the Deposition
of Sulphur and Nitrogen in the UK
Anthony J. Dore
1
*
, Bill Bealey
1
, Maciej Kryza
2
, Massimo Vieno
3
,
and Mark A. Sutton
1
1
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, UK
2
Department of Meteorology and Climatology, University of Wrocław, Poland
3
Institute of Atmospheric and Environmental Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
Abstract
An important application of atmospheric transport models is to estimate
the contribution of different sources of emissions to pollutant deposition. This can
rarely be achieved by measurement. A simple Lagrangian atmospheric transport
model, FRAME, was employed to assess the contribution to sulphur and nitrogen
deposition in the UK from 160 different point and area sources in the UK as well
as European emissions and international shipping. For the year 2005, the largest
emissions sources for dry deposition of SO
x
, NO
y
and NH
x
were power stations,
road transport and livestock respectively, comprising 29%, 42% and 52% of the
totals. For wet deposition, European emissions were important, comprising 31%,
35% and 41% of total deposition for SO
x
, NO
y
and NH
x
respectively. International
shipping emissions of SO
2
and NO
x
were also significant, contributing 21% and
17% of wet deposition of SO
x
and NO
y
.
Keywords
Atmospheric transport model, acidification, sulphur, nitrogen, emissions
1. Introduction
In order to develop an effective strategy to combat the effects of acidification and
eutrophication, regulators and policy makers need to know not just the magnitude
and spatial variation of nitrogen and sulphur deposition but also the relative con-
tributions of different emissions sources. Long range chemical transport models
are required to calculate aerosol and gas concentrations and their contribution to
wet and dry deposition of pollutants. Examples of such data sets include the EMEP
source-receptor matrices (Tarrasón and Nyiri, 2008) which show the contribution
of emissions from individual countries in Europe to deposition in other countries.
*
Corresponding author: Tel: +0131 445 4343; E-mail: todo@ceh.ac.uk
