Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
3.3.4 Preparation of HPESO and HPSO Polysoaps with
Different Counterions
Procedures for the preparation of polysoaps (HPESO) were as follows:
Typically, 1.0 g of a HPESO polyacid sample was weighed into a 50 mL beaker
and the required amount of NaOH or KOH (to neutralize all the carboxylic
acid groups) was dissolved in 10 mL water (18.3 MO). The beaker containing
the HPESO sample and base solution was then placed in a 75 1C water bath,
and stirred with a glass rod until the HPESO sample had dissolved. The
resulting solution was then transferred to a 100 mL volumetric flask. The
beaker was rinsed three times with 10 mL of water each and added to
the volumetric flask. The solution was then cooled to room temperature and
filled with water to the 100 mL mark. The aqueous stock solution of the
HPESO-TEA salt was prepared by using a 2.5 : 1 ratio of triethanolamine
(TEA) to the carboxylic acid groups in HPESO.
3.3.5 Dynamic Surface and Interfacial Tension
Dynamic surface and interfacial tension measurements were conducted
using the axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) method
19
on an FTA-200
automated goniometer (First Ten Angstroms, Portsmouth, VA) equipped
with the FTA-32 v2.0 software. All dynamic surface and interfacial tension
measurements were conducted at room temperature (23
2 1C). Details of
the data processing were reported in ref. 18.
3.4 Results and Discussion
3.4.1 Effect of Molecular Structure on the Polymerization
The results of study of the effects of variable conditions such as catalyst
concentration, reaction time, initiator concentration, monomer concen-
tration, etc. on the molecular weights and glass-transition temperatures (T
g
)
of the formed polymers are reported in the following tables: Tables 3.1 and
3.2 report the results for PSBO; Tables 3.3-3.5 report the results for RPESO;
and Tables 3.6-3.8 report the results for RPEuO. It can be seen that the
polymerization of plant oils with epoxy groups is much easier than the
polymerization of SBO. The conditions for the polymerization of ESO and
Table 3.1 Effect of catalyst amount on the molecular weight of PSBO.
Catalyst/mol M
w
/g mol
1
Sample
SO/g
P/bar
T/1C
Reaction time/h
1 (control)
100
110
140
2
0
1300
2
100
110
140
2.5
0.014
24 582
3
100
110
140
2.5
0.018
82 608
4
100
110
140
4.0
0.014
85 624
5
100
110
140
4.0
0.018
110 360
