Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
were in vogue before the advent of synthetic coatings and are still available
commercially.
4
However, given their limited shelf-life, they are sold in
powder form and are mixed with water just before application, particularly
for the restoration of antiques and the reproduction of antique furniture.
The use of a topcoat is recommended to seal the coated surface.
Of late, consumer and industrial interest in environmentally responsible
coatings has grown tremendously. Developments in organic and polymer
chemistry have enabled scientists to address the traditional limitations of
natural derivatives. This chapter discusses the use of renewable resources
(green materials) in coating technologies as a viable alternative to the
petrochemical derivatives
that
form the backbone of
the coatings
industry today.
In 2004, the USA Department of Energy published a report identifying 12
sugar-based building block chemicals (1,4-diacids (succinic, fumaric, and
malic), 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy propionic acid, aspartic acid,
glucaric acid, glutamic acid, itaconic acid, levulinic acid, glycerol, sorbitol,
xylitol/arabinitol, and 3-hydroxybutyrolactone) that can be produced from
sugars via biological or chemical conversions and could be converted to
high-value bio-based chemicals.
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According to Lux Research, bio-based
materials and chemical technologies have reached an inflection point with
companies scaling to commercial production levels and growing revenues.
6
The report arms that bio-based materials and chemical manufacturers
continue to expand, with the industry growing and diversifying into
new feedstock types, product types, and geographical areas. The leading
growth category is predicted to be intermediate chemicals like adipic acid
and lactic acid, with capacity growing from its current level of 2.0million
metric tons (MT) to 4.9million MT in 2017, while the capacity of bio-derived
polymers - currently at 1.1million MT - is projected to grow 18 percent per
year through 2017.
A number of companies offer coatings containing high levels of renewable
resources. Cortec Corporation markets EcoLine
s
3220, a 100% bio-based
product that provides corrosion protection during storage and shipment,
and EcoLine 3690, a bio-degradable, 76% bio-based temporary coating for
severe marine and high humidity conditions.
7
BioSpan Technologies Inc.
offers CR-3600
s
as a bio-degradable coating to protect metals from cor-
rosion.
8
Eco Safety Products, LLC, markets Soycrete
t
Architectural Concrete
Stain and TimberSoy
t
Natural Wood Stain (40% bio-based and recycled
content), and Acri-Soy
t
Penetrating Clear Sealer, a waterborne concrete and
wood sealer (420% bio-based content), and other bio-based sealers and
coatings.
9
New Century Coatings offers Agristain
t
wood and concrete stains
based on byproducts from vitamin E production associated with various
agricultural food stocks such as soybean, corn, palm, cashew nut and sun-
flower.
10
Benjamin Moore recently introduced Natura Renew
t
which is
claimed to be the first premium, bio-renewable coating with zero emissions,
containing up to 40% bio-renewable materials.
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