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also resulted in the transformation of the TO conjugated trienes into non-
conjugated double bonds, which might affect the co-polymerization with
styrene. After careful experiment optimization, the best procedure for the
maleinization reaction was at a reaction temperature of 95 1C, with a re-
action time of 5 h, and a feed ratio of 1 : 2 : 8 (TO : PER : MA).
17
The acid
value of the optimized TOPERMA product was 211 mg KOH g
1
.
8.2.2 Synthesis of DCPD-UPR-TO
The synthesis of DCPD-UPR-TO polymers was carried out in three basic
steps, as shown in Scheme 8.3. First, dicyclopentadiene maleate (DCPD-MA)
was synthesized via hydrolysis. The best molar feed ratio of DCPD to MA was
1 : 0.8. Second, with the optimized DCPD-MA product, DCPD-modified UPR
(DCPD-UPR) was prepared via melt polycondensation. Third, when the acid
value of the reacting mixture decreased to about 70 mg KOH g
1
at the latter
stage of melt polycondensation, the reactor was cooled to 160 1C and a
certain amount (for example, 16.7 g) of tung oil was added in drops. After
that the reactor was heated to 200 1C again and maintained at this tem-
perature until the acid value decreased to the set value. In our experiments,
the contents of TO in the obtained DCPD-UPR-TO polymers were 0, 5, 10, 15
and 20% by weight, thus the corresponding DCPD-UPR-TO polymers were
labeled as DCPD-UPR, DCPD-UPR-TO5, DCPD-UPR-TO10, DCPD-UPR-TO15,
Scheme 8.3
Ideal reaction scheme for the synthesis of DCPD-UPR-TO.
