Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.1 Formulae and structures of widely used fatty acids.
9,19,20
Fatty acid
Formula
Structure
Caprylic
C
8
H
16
O
2
Capric
C
10
H
20
O
2
Lauric
C
12
H
24
O
2
Myristic
C
14
H
28
O
2
Palmitic
C
16
H
32
O
2
Palmitoleic
C
16
H
30
O
2
Stearic
C
18
H
36
O
2
Oleic
C
18
H
34
O
2
Linoleic
C
18
H
32
O
2
Linolenic
C
18
H
30
O
2
a-Eleostearic
C
18
H
30
O
2
Ricinoleic
C
18
H
34
O
3
Vernolic
C
18
H
32
O
3
O
O
O
O
R
3
O
O
P
R
2
O
O
R
2
O
O
O
O
Figure 1.2 General modification pathway for the introduction of photo-polymeriz-
able groups into the triglyceride molecule.
19
Here, 'P' means the photo-
polymerizable groups.
must be modified with ecient photo-polymerizable groups such as acrylate
or epoxy when being used as photo-curing monomers.
The triglycerides contain several reactive positions, as shown in Figure 1.1:
ester groups (a); C
¼
C double bonds (b); acrylic positions (c); and the
a-position of ester groups (d) can act as the starting points in different
reactions. The C
¼
C double bond reactive positions are usually used as the
starting points for introducing highly ecient reactive groups. The general
modification pathway is shown in Figure 1.2.
1.2.1 Epoxy Monomers based on Vegetable Oils
Epoxidation is one of the most important functionalization reactions in-
volving C
¼
C double bonds, and epoxidized vegetable oils show excellent
