Perspectives - Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change - page 230

in local areas. Compared to the conventional snow measurements, satellite remote
sensing data are particularly well-adapted to monitoring snow-covered surfaces
over continuous space-time scales [ 16 ]. Additionally, to simulate and forecast
daily stream flow, it is recommended to apply the Snowmelt-Runoff Model
(SRM).
8.4 Application of GCMs and RCMs Data
In current research, historical investigation into climate parameters confirmed
some sign of climate change in the area. To continue this part of the research, it is
necessary to estimate the global scenarios for climate change. The Intergovern-
mental panel on climate change (IPCC) developed global scenarios which contain
various driving forces of climate change, including population growth and socio-
economic development [ 17 ]. These forces encompass various future scenarios that
might influence greenhouse gas sources and sinks, such as the energy system and
land use change. To apply these scenarios on a regional (France) and local scale
(the Barcelonnette area), downscaling techniques, both dynamic and statistical, are
necessary to derive future climatic parameters from both general circulation
models (GCMs) and regional circulation models (RCMs). The downscaling of
IPCC scenarios refers to the process of taking global information about climate
response to changing atmospheric composition, and translating it into a finer
spatial scale that is more meaningful in the context of local and regional impacts.
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