Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
diterpenes includes sarcodictyn A (
130
) and eleutherobin (
131
), which were iso-
lated from the soft corals
Sarcodictyon roseum
and
Eleutherobia
sp., respectively.
These diterpenoids show potent cytotoxicity by stabilizing microtubules (2, 35).
CHO
Ac
O
O
H
O
OA
c
OAc
O
AcO
OAc
O
H
H
O
H
AcO
AcO
O
Cl
H
AcO
H
HO
O
OAc
O
OAc
OAc
H
O
AcO
O
O
125
128
127
126
O
OH
MeN
OR
1
R
2
N
H
2
N
O
HO
O
N
O
O
O
N
HO
H
+
Cl
-
N
H
O
N
N
H
H
OH
O
H
OH
H
Cl
129
130
130
: R
: R
1
= H; R
= H; R
2
= Ac
= Ac
OH
O
OH
131
131
: R
: R
1
= Me; R
= Me; R
2
=
OH
H
OAc
132
133
Ageladine A (
132
), which is a 9-methyladenine derivative of diterpene
isolated from a sponge
Agelas
sp., is antimicrobial and inhibitory against Na,
K-ATPase (12). A novel, chlorinated diterpenoid, chlorolissoclimide (
133
),
which was isolated from the ascidian
Lissoclinum forskalii
, inhibits eukaryotic
protein synthesis (38).
2.4.3
Isocyanoterpenes and Related Terpenoids
Isocyanide-containing natural products are rare; they have been reported only
from cyanobacteria,
Penicillium
fungi, marine sponges, and nudibranchs (35,
39). Sesquiterpenoid and diterpenoid isocyanides are found in a limited species
of sponges and nudibranchs that prey on these sponges. Axisonitrile-1 (
134
)
isolated from the sponge
Axinella cannabina
is the first isocyanide-containing
marine natural product. Isocyanopupukeanane (
135
) was isolated originally from
the nudibranch
Phyllidia verrucosa
and later from a sponge
Ciocalypta
sp. Kali-
hinol A (
136
) and 7,20-diisocyanoadocane (
137
) were isolated from the sponges
NC
H
H
NC
H
H
CN
HO
H
H
O
H
CN
CN
H
NC
Cl
136
137
134
135
