Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
R
3
O
HO
20
H
12
H
3
6
R
1
O
H
R
2
Notoginsenoside
O14
K -glc(6-1)glc -H -glc
O15
R
1
-H -glc(2-1)xyl -glc
O16
U -H -OH -glc(6-1)glc
R
1
R
2
R
3
O
O
HO
N
H
OH
O
NH
2
O17
Dencichine
Figure 14.17
Structures of
P. notoginseng
natural products.
and although 24(
R
)-pseudoginsenoside F
11
is abundant in American ginseng, only
trace amounts are present in Asian ginseng (141)(145-147).
14.3.2.3 Sanchi ginseng [
Panax notoginseng
(Burk.) F.H. Chen]
This gin-
seng exerts a major effect on the cardiovascular system. It dilates the coronary
vessels and reduces vascular resistance, which results in increased coronary flow
and decreased blood pressure. Chinese traditional medicine used this ginseng to
arrest bleeding, remove blood stasis, and relieve pain. Recent studies have shown
that, in the treatment of angina pectoris, this herb can produce a 95.5% improve-
ment in symptoms. The herb usually can stop bleeding in cases of respiratory
bleeding or vomiting of blood.
P. notoginseng
contains saponins similar to those found in
P. ginseng
, both
ginsenosides and notoginsenosides. Certain saponins of both types, including
notoginsenosides K, R
1
,andU(
O14
-
O16
), showed immunological adjuvant
activity (stimulated immune response against antigens) (148, 149). Another
important bioactive constituent of
P. notoginseng
is the non-protein amino acid
dencichine (
O17
), which can increase platelets and stop bleeding (150).
14.3.2.4 Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus maxim.)
Siberian gin-
seng is harvested from its natural habitat in Russia and northeast China and has
been used in China for over 2000 years. It is not a true ginseng like
Panax
ginseng
or
P. quinquefolia
, but it does belong to the same Araliaceous family.
Siberian ginseng has its own bioactive ingredients with unique and proven medic-
inal values. It possesses significant adaptogenic action (antistress and antifatigue)
