Quantitative and Qualitative Characterization of Liquid Materials - Broadband Reflectometry for Enhanced Diagnostics and Monitoring Applications - page 76

metrological performance of the entire measurement procedure, the type A evalua-
tion of the uncertainty ( u A ) was conducted for each Cole-Cole parameter, according
to the following expression [16]:

1
n

n
i = 1 ( x i − x )

2

u A = (4.6)

( − )

n 1

where n is the number of measurements, x i is the result of each evaluated parameter,
and x is the average of the n repetitions. In the measurements reported herein, the
number of repetitions n is 10.

Ta b l e 4 . 8 Comparison between the reference and the evaluated Cole-Cole parameters (at
20.0 ◦ C) for ethyl acetate. The experimental uncertainties for the evaluated values are also
reported

ethyl acetate

parameter reference averaged experimental

value evaluated uncertainty

[3, 11] value

ε s 6 . 04 ± 0 . 02 6.00 0.01

ε ∞ 2 . 48 ± 0 . 09 2.71 0.10

f r (GHz) 36 . 2 ± 0 . 8 29.6 1.0

β 0 . 06 ± 0 . 01 0.00 0.00

Ta b l e 4 . 9 Comparison between the reference and the evaluated Cole-Cole parameters (at
20.0 ◦ C) for 1,1,1-trichloroethane. The experimental uncertainties for the evaluated values are
also reported

1,1,1-
trichloroethane

parameter reference averaged experimental

value evaluated uncertainty

[3, 11] value

ε s 7 . 20 ± 0 . 10 7.25 0.02

ε ∞ 2 . 08 ± 0 . 02 2.12 0.15

f r (GHz) 28 . 9 ± 0 . 6 26.7 0.9

β 0 . 030 ± 0 . 002 0.00 0.00

s )
closely agree with those reported in the literature; additionally, the corresponding
experimental uncertainty ( u A ) is remarkably low. Similarly, the values obtained for
ε ∞

From Table 4.8 and Table 4.9 the calculated values of the static permittivity ( ε

and for f r are in good agreement with the literature values (which were obtained