Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
VNA
Optimi
z
ation
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
f
(GHz)
(a)
180
135
90
45
0
-45
-90
-135
V
N
A
Op
t
imizati
o
n
-180
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
f
(GHz)
(b)
Fig. 4.9
Reflection scattering parameter for sample #1 as obtained from VNA measurements
and evaluated through the optimization procedure.
a
magnitude.
b
phase
proposed procedure, is the key issue for the practical implementation in industrial-
related applications. On a side note, the decreasing trend of static permittivity from
sample #1 to sample #3 can be explained by the steady increase of room tempera-
ture during the experimental session. However, temperature increase was so small to
cause only minimal changes in static permittivity, not detectable in the TDR traces,
which only allow an approximate average permittivity (
ε
app
) to be estimated. As a
matter of fact, this confirms the suitability of the frequency-domain approach also
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