Inflammation and Glycosciences - The Sugar Code - page 450

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A convenient way to explore glycan structures on cell surfaces is the application
of anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies. Indeed, antibodies have the ability
to detect subtle differences in oligosaccharide structures like differences in
anomericity, terminal monosaccharides and even the number of repeats of
distinct sugar motifs. The best example for exact detection of defi ned oligosac-
charide structures is the recognition by natural blood group antibodies of blood
groups A and B. Monoclonal antibody technology has provided a powerful tool
for detecting a large variety of oligosaccharide sequences. To organize the array
of monoclonal antibodies produced in various laboratories, the integration and
classifi cation of anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies within the CD nomen-
clature was initiated during the course of the Human Leukocyte Differentiation
Antigen (HLDA) workshops and conferences. Most of these structures recog-
nized by monoclonal antibodies are expressed on cells of the hematopoietic
system, but also to varying degrees on endothelial and epithelial cells. Today
we have several established carbohydrate CD groups:

CD Carbohydrate sequence

Le x CD15

CD15s Sialyl - Le x

Sialyl - Le x CD15u

CD15su 6 - sulfo - sialyl - Le x

CD17 Lactosylceramide ( LacCer )

CD60a GD3 and related structures

CD60b 9 - O - acetyl GD3

CD60c 7 - O - acetyl GD3

CD65 Fucosylated ganglioside with four lactosaminyl repeats

CD65s Sialylated form of CD65

CD75 N - Acetyllactosaminyl structures with several repeats

CD75s Sialylated CD75 sequences

CD77 Globo series neutral glycosphingolipids, (preferentially Gb3, p k blood group)

CD173 Blood group H

CD174 Le y

CD175 Tn

CD175s Sialylated CD175

CD176 Thomsen - Friedenreich ( TF ) antigen

Monoclonal antibodies are commercially available for many of these carbo-
hydrate CDs. Many lectins are also included in the CD nomenclature, such as
CD22 (siglec-2), CD62 (selectins), CD162 [P - selectin glycoprotein ligand ( PSGL ) - 1],
CD169 (sialoadhesin, siglec - 1).