Example Applications - RFID: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification - page 370

Antenna and reader for code carrier
can be upgraded to include weighing system

2

1 Waste bin with code carrier

1. Identification of the waste bin
during emptying

2. Saving the code number with
date and time on the smart
card

3. Transfer of data to management
at the end of the shift

On-board computer with
contactless smart card
for data storage

2

4. Evaluation of data and
billing

5 Bill

5. Sending of bill

3 Contactless smart card as data carrier

4 Evaluation

Figure 13.41 Waste generation cycle including billing (reproduced by permission of MOBA
Mobile Automation GmbH, Elz)

The transponder is based upon a glass transponder operating in the frequency
range 135 kHz, embedded into a specially shaped (ABS) injection moulded housing
(Figure 13.42). To get the transponder as close as possible to the ground — and thus
to the antenna of the time measurement device — this is attached to the runner's shoe
using the shoelaces (Figure 13.43).
The reader antennas are cast into thin mats and can thus be placed on the ground
and still be protected from all environmental influences (Figure 13.44). The dimensions
of a single mat are 2 . 10m × 1 . 00m. At a normal running speed a net time resolution
of ± 1 s is possible, derived from the time the runner remains within the read range
of a mat. The accuracy for cyclists improves to ± 0 . 2 seconds. The measured time is
immediately displayed on a screen, so that the reader can read his current intermediate
time or final time as he passes a control station.
The runner can make a one-off purchase of the transponder for 38 DM and then
use it wherever compatible timing systems are used.
The performance of a transponder based timing system has been demonstrated
at the following events: Rotterdam Marathon (10 000 participants), Shell Hanseatic
Marathon, Hamburg (11 500 participants) and the Berlin Marathon (13 500 participants)
(Champion-chip). See Figure 13.45.