Example Applications - RFID: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification - page 365

The installation of such an electronic immobiliser to the engine management system
can only be performed at the factory by the vehicle manufacturer, thus guaranteeing
optimal interaction between engine control system and security device. The individ-
ual key data is programmed in the factory by laser programmable fuses on the chip
or by writing to an OTP-EEPROM. The vehicle manufacturer is also responsible
for implementing appropriate security measures to prevent criminals from unlawfully
procuring replacement parts (Wolff, 1994). With few exceptions, electronic immobili-
sation systems have been fitted to all new cars as standard since the beginning of 1995
(Anselm, 1996). See Figure 13.37.
13.7.2 Brief success story
In 1989 the Berlin wall and the border to Eastern Europe were opened, and the years
following 1989 were characterised by dramatic increases in vehicle thefts in Germany.
From 48 514 thefts in 1988, the figure had risen to 144 057 thefts just five years later in
1993 — almost a threefold increase. This prompted the German Federal Supervisory
Office for Insurance to declare a change to the General Insurance Conditions for Motor
Vehicle Insurance (AKB) at the beginning of 1993.
According to the old conditions, vehicle owners with fully comprehensive insurance
could, under certain conditions, claim the full price for a new car if their vehicle was
stolen, although the resale value of the stolen vehicle and thus the damage suffered
was significantly less than this (Wolff, 1994). The value of a vehicle after just a few
months falls a long way short of the price of a new car.
TIRIS C ryptographic E ntry T ransponder
Combination of Functionalities
Passive entry:
- no user action required
13.56 MHz
Immobilizer
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
Technology by
Texas Instruments TM
Figure 13.37 Electronic immobiliser and door locking system are integrated into a transponder
in the ignition key. In the ignition lock and in the vicinity of the doors (passive entry) the
transponder is supplied with power by inductive coupling. At greater distances (remote keyless
entry) the transponder is supplied with power from a battery (round cell in the top of the key)
at the push of a button ('OPEN') (reproduced by permission of Texas Instruments)