Standardisation - RFID: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification - page 233

Table 9.5 Position 1 (state A, unmodulated;
state A , modulated)

A A

1 F1 90 ◦

F = F1 −

90 ◦ F3 90 ◦ F3 = F1 + = F3 +

Table 9.6 Position 2 (state A, unmodulated;
state A , modulated)

A

A

F1 = F1 + 90 ◦ F1

90 ◦ 90 ◦

= F1 −

F3

= F3 −

F3

9.2.2 ISO 14443 - Proximity coupling smart cards

ISO standard 14443 entitled 'Identification cards — Proximity integrated circuit(s)
cards' describes the operating method and operating parameters of contactless prox-
imity coupling smart cards. This means contactless smart cards with an approximate
range of 7-15 cm, like those used predominantly in the field of ticketing. The data
carrier of these smart cards is normally a microprocessor and they often have additional
contacts (see also Section 10.2.1).
The standard comprises the following parts:

•

Part 1: Physical characteristics.

• Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface.

• Part 3: Initialisation and anticollision (still in preparation).

• Part 4: Transmission protocols (in preparation).

9.2.2.1 Part 1 - Physical characteristics

Part 1 of the standard defines the mechanical properties of the smart cards. The dimen-
sions correspond with the values specified in ISO 7810, i.e. 85 . 72 mm × 54 . 03mm ×

0 . 76mm tolerances.

Furthermore, this part of the standard also includes notes on the testing of the
dynamic bending stress and dynamic torsion stress, plus irradiation with UV, x-ray
and electromagnetic radiation.

±

9.2.2.2 Part 2 - Radio frequency interference

The power supply of inductively coupled proximity cards ( PICC ) is provided by the
magnetic alternating field of a reader (PCD) at a transmission frequency of 13.56MHz.