Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Precision Agricultural
Systems
4
Chenghai Yang and Won Suk Lee
CONTENTS
4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................64
4.2 Measurement of Spatial Variability................................................................ 65
4.2.1 GPS ..................................................................................................... 65
4.2.2 Soil Sensors ........................................................................................ 66
4.2.2.1 NIR and MIR Spectroscopy ................................................ 66
4.2.2.2 Raman Spectroscopy ........................................................... 68
4.2.2.3 Electrodes............................................................................. 68
4.2.2.4 Microwave............................................................................ 69
4.2.3 Crop Sensors ....................................................................................... 69
4.2.4 Wireless Sensors ................................................................................. 70
4.2.5 Yield Monitors .................................................................................... 71
4.2.6 Remote Sensing .................................................................................. 73
4.2.6.1 Remote Sensors.................................................................... 73
4.2.6.2 Airborne Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imaging
Systems ................................................................................ 74
4.2.6.3 Satellite Imaging Systems.................................................... 76
4.2.6.4 Image Processing and Analysis ........................................... 77
4.3 Data Analysis and Management ..................................................................... 78
4.3.1 GIS ...................................................................................................... 78
4.3.2 Spatial Data Analysis and Management Zones .................................. 79
4.3.3 Site-Specific Application Maps .......................................................... 80
4.4 Variable Rate Application............................................................................... 81
4.5 Economic and Environmental Benefits .......................................................... 83
4.5.1 Profitability ......................................................................................... 83
4.5.2 Environmental Benefits ...................................................................... 84
4.6 Summary ........................................................................................................ 85
Disclaimer ................................................................................................................ 85
References ................................................................................................................ 86
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