Environmental Engineering Reference
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Fig. 4.7
The right to natural and cultural landscape resources, after Egoz et al. (
2011
)
4.8 Biocultural Landscape Approach
Ecological, cultural and sacred landscapes support sustainable resource manage-
ment, ecosystem services and well-being. They sustain biocultural diversity and
can
be
developed
by
applying
a
new
research
model
based
on
biocultural
landscape.
Although several attempts have been made to move from a landscape mosaic to
a landscape resource approach in ecological landscape research (see Fig.
4.2
), in
the past natural heritage was the main focus, while interpretation of the cultural
heritage of landscape was limited. As nature conservation was kept separate from
other kinds of conservation, past landscape models proposed, more often than not,
management policies aimed at minimising changes. These models were initially
designed using a top-down approach, where communities were peripheral to the
landscape process.
The model proposed here, instead, is inclusive; it bridges natural and cultural
heritage with an expansive interpretation of culture comprehensive of its mani-
festations, i.e. food, music, agriculture, fishing, forest, spirituality, art, language
and poetry. By integrating different kinds of conservation, this model intends to be
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