Biomedical Engineering Reference
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Interacting Edges
“C-H” ed
ge
Cytosine
Adenine
Ribose
Ribose
b
Canonical / Watson-Crick Base Pairings
Adenine
Uracil
Ribose
Ribose
Cytosine
Guanine
Ribose
Ribose
c
Non canonical A:G Base Pairing through Watson-Crick edge
Adenine
Ribose
Guanine
Ribose
A:G through the Watson-Crick edges
d
Classic Kink turn motif
N
R
N
C
C
G
A
N
G
R = purine (A/G)
N = any nucleotide
G
G
A
G
N
C
Fig. 11.3
Base pair conformations. (
a
) Nucleotide bases can form hydrogen bonds to pair with
other bases through one of their three edges; Watson-Crick, Hoogsteen/C-H and sugar. (
b
) The
base pairings are most commonly canonical/Watson-Crick (A:U, G:C, U:A, C:G) via the Watson-
Crick edges. (
c
) Non-canonical base pairings are less commonly observed between bases other than
the ones considered canonical (e.g. A:G) and/or hydrogen bonds are formed though the Hoogsteen/
C-H and sugar edges. (
d
) A classic kink-turn motif characterised by an internal loop of three bases
linked to two G:A non-canonical base pairings flanked by canonical base pairings forming a stem
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