Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
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9
Plant auxin 3-indolylacetonitrile (IAN) was found to inhibit the biofilm forma-
tion of both
E. coli
O157:H7 and
P. aeruginosa
without affecting its growth. IAN
more effectively inhibited biofilms than indole for the two pathogenic bacteria.
Additionally, IAN decreased the production of virulence factors including 2-heptyl-
3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (PQS), pyocyanin, and pyoverdine in
P. aeruginosa
.
DNA microarray analysis indicated that IAN repressed genes involved in curli
formation and glycerol metabolism, whereas IAN induced indole-related genes and
prophage genes in
E. coli
O157:H7. It appeared that IAN inhibited the biofilm
formation of
E. coli
by reducing curli formation and inducing indole production
(Lee et al.
2011a
,
b
). Boswellic acids are pentacyclic triterpenes, which are pro-
duced in plants belonging to the genus
Boswellia
. One of the acid acetyl-11-keto-b-
boswellic acid (AKBA) (structure 10) inhibited the formation of biofilms by
S. aureus
and
Staphylococcus epidermidis
and also reduced the preformed biofilms
generated by these bacteria (Raja et al.
2011
).
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Coenye et al. (
2012
) investigated five plant extracts with antibiofilm activity.
Sub-MIC concentrations of
Rhodiola crenulata
(arctic root),
Epimedium
brevicornum
(rowdy lamb herb), and
Polygonum cuspidatum
(Japanese knotweed)
extracts inhibited
Propionibacterium acnes
biofilm formation by 64.8, 98.5, and
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