Antimicrobial Coatings to Prevent Biofilm Formation on Medical Devices - Antibiofilm Agents: From Diagnosis to Treatment and Prevention - page 168

Antimicrobial Coatings to Prevent Biofilm
Formation on Medical Devices
Phat L. Tran, Abdul N. Hamood, and Ted W. Reid
Abstract Under different environmental conditions, bacteria colonize and develop
biofilms on diverse surfaces including those of medical devices. The development
of biofilms on medical devices is one of the most serious challenges that the
healthcare systems face. In response, various methods have been developed to
prevent biofilm formation on such devices. In this chapter, we discuss different
strategies designed to prevent biofilm formation on three medical devices: central
venous catheters, urinary tract catheters, and contact lenses. These strategies are
based on modifying the surface of these devices by either coating or impregnating
them with a variety of antimicrobial agents. For central venous catheters, we
describe coating with silver, chlorhexidine silver sulfadiazine, or organoselenium.
For urinary tract catheters, we describe coating with hydrogel, silver, triclosan,
gendine, nitric oxide, and antibiotics. We also describe novel approaches to prevent
biofilm development on urinary tract catheters including the utilization of quorum-
sensing inhibitors and biological coatings (bacteria or bacteriophages). For contact
lenses, we discussed coating with either a non-covalent coating (furanones, silver,
or polyquaternium compounds) or a covalent coating (furanones, polyquaternium
compounds, cationic peptides, or organoselenium). We review the mechanism
(s) through which each agent inhibits biofilm development and the influence of