Solar Energy - Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy - page 99

EERE. (2013). Best Management Practice: Cooling Tower Management . Washington, DC:
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy ( http://energy.gov/
eere/femp/best-management-practice-cooling-tower-management).
Enermodal Engineering, Ltd. (1995). Performance of the Perforated-Plate/Canopy Solarwall
at GM Canada. Ottawa, Ontario: Government of Canada Publications.
EPRI. (2002). Water and Sustainability . Vol. 2. An Assessment of Water Demand, Supply, and
Quality in the U.S.—The Next Half Century , Technical Report 1006785. Palo Alto, CA:
Electric Power Research Institute.
Fthenakis, V.M. (2000). End-of-life management and recycling of PV modules. Energy Policy ,
28: 1050-1058.
Fthenakis, V.M. (2004). Life cycle impact analysis of cadmium in CdTe PV production.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 8: 303-334.
Fthenakis, V.M. (2009). Sustainability of photovoltaics: the case for thin-film solar cells.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 13: 2746-2750.
Fthenakis, V. and Alsema, E. (2006). PV energy payback times, greenhouse gas emissions
and external costs. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications , 14: 275-280.
Fthenakis, V. and Kim, H.C. (2007). Greenhouse gas emissions from solar electric and nuclear
power: a life cycle study. Energy Policy , 35: 2549-2557.
Fthenakis, V. and Kim, H.C. (2009). Land use and electricity generation: a life cycle analysis.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review , 13: 1465-1474.
Fthenakis, V. and Kim, H.C. (2010). Life cycle uses of water in U.S. electricity generation.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 14: 2039-2048.
Fthenakis, V. and Zweibel, K. (2003). CdTe PV: Real and Perceived EHS Risks, paper pre-
sented at National Center for Photovoltaics and Solar Program Review Meeting, Denver,
CO, March 24-26 ( http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy03osti/33561.pdf).
Fthenakis, V., Fuhrmann, M, Heiser, J., Lanzirotti, A., Fitts, J., and Wang, W. (2005).
Emissions and encapsulation of cadmium in CdTe PV modules during fires. Progress in
Photovoltaics: Research and Application , 13: 713-723.
Fthenakis, V., Kim, H.C., and Alsema, E. (2008). Emissions from photovoltaic life cycles.
Environmental Science & Technology , 42(6): 2168-2174.
Fthenakis, V., Raugei, M., Held, M., Kim, H.C., and Krones, J. (2009). An Update of Energy
Payback Times and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Life Cycle of Photovoltaics, paper
presented at 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Hamburg, Germany,
September 21-25.
Fthenakis, V., Clark, C., Moalem, M., Chandler, P., Ridgeway, R., Hulbert, F., Cooper, D.,
and Maroulls, P. (2010). Life-cycle nitrogen trifluoride emissions from photovoltaics.
Environmental Science & Technology , 44(22): 8750-8757.
Fthenakis, V., Green, T., Blunden, J., and Krueger, L. (2011). Large Photovoltaic Power Plants:
Wildlife Impacts and Benefits, paper presented at 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists
Conference, Seattle, WA, June 19-24.
Galasiu, A.D., Atif, M.R., and MacDonald, R.A. (2004). Impact of window blinds on daylight-
linked dimming and automatic on/off lighting controls. Solar Energy , 76(5): 523-544.
Galasiu, A.D., Newsham, G.R., Suvagau, C., and Sander, D.M. (2007). Energy saving lighting
control system for open-plan offices: a field study. Leukos , 4(1): 7-29.
Gerbens-Leenes, W., Hoekstra, A.Y., and van Der Meer, T.H. (2009). The water footprint of
bioenergy, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of
America , 106: 10219-10223.
Gerdes, K. and Nichols, C. (2009). Water Requirements of Existing and Emerging Thermoelectric
Plant Technologies , DOE/NETL-402/080108. Morgantown, WV: National Energy
Technology Laboratory.
Gleick, P. (1993). Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources . New York:
Oxford University Press.