Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
terations of the membrane stucture and function and, among other things, to
disturbances in the division and development of fungal cells.
Toxicity
Formulations vary in their toxicity depending on the inert ingredients pre-
sent in the product. Several formulations, e.g., emulsifiable concentrates are
considered as moderately hazardous and are classified in Toxicity Category II,
however, most product formulations are non-irritating to skin and eyes or
slightly irritating to eyes. These products are classified in Category III and
IV.
Table 5.38 Commercial products containing triazole fungicides.
Active Ingredients
Trade Names
Bitertanol
Baycor, Baymat
Cyproconazole
Alto, Atemi, Sentinel
Diclobutrazol
Vigil
Hexaconazole
Anvil, Planete Aster
Myclobutanil
Eagle, Nova, Rally, Systhane
Penconazole
Award, Omnex, Topas, Topaz
Propiconazol
Alamo, Banner, Bumper, Orbit, Tilt
Tebuconazole
Elite, Folicur, Horizon, Lynx, Raxil
Tetraconazole
Domark, Eminent, Lospel
Triadimefon
Acizol, Bayleton, Strike
Triadimenol
Bayfidan, Baytan
f.
Morpholine and Piperazine Compounds
The morpholines and piperazines exhibit both protective and curative ac-
tion against powdery mildew, rust, scab, and black spot on fruits, berries, ce-
reals, and ornamentals.
Mode of Action
These compounds effect fungal metabolism by inhibiting ergosterol syn-
thesis at some other biosynthetic steps than those affected by the pyrimidines
and triazoles. Ergosterol is an important component of the cell membrane and
its absence leads to alterations of the membrane structure and, therefore, to
disturbances in the division and development of the fungus.
The only member of the piperazines is triforine. The other fungicides are
morpholines.
Toxicity
Toxicity varies with the formulation e. g. , emulsifieable concentrates, wet-
table powders and others), with hazardous inert ingredients which may be
classified in Toxicity Category I (Danger) or II (Warning) because of their po-
tential to cause eye and skin damage. However, the active ingredient may ex-
hibit low acute oral and dermal toxicity.
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