Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.8
continued
Active ingredient
Products
Flufenoxuron
Cascade
Flucycloxuron
Andalin
Novaluron
GR-572
There is limited absorption across the skin and intestinal lining of mam-
mals, after which enzymatic hydrolysis and excretion rapidly eliminates the
pesticide from tissues. Irritant effects are not reported, and systemic toxicity
is low. Methemoglobinemia is a theoretical risk from chloroaniline formed
hydrolytically, but no reports of this form of toxicity have been reported in
humans or animals from diflubenzuron exposure.
9.
Organotins
Toxicology and Mode of Action
The organotins are a group of pesticides that have both acaricide and fun-
gicide activities. Of particular interest is cyhexatin (tricyclohexyl tin hydrox-
ide), a highly specific acaricide. Later, fenbutatin-oxide was introduced and has
proven to be highly effective against mites on fruits, greenhouse crops, and
ornamentals.
Tricyclohexyl tin hydroxide is formulated as a 50% wettable powder for
control of mites on ornamentals, hops, nut trees, and some fruit trees.
It is moderately irritating, particularly to the eyes. While information on
the systemic toxicity of this specific tin compound is lacking, it should be
assumed that cyhexatin can be absorbed to some extent across the skin and
that substantial absorbed doses would cause nervous system injury
Commercial products include Plictran, Vendex .
10. Insect Growth Regulators
Toxicology and Mode of Action
Methoprene is a long chain hydrocarbon ester active as an insect growth
regulator. It is effective against several insect species. Formulations include
slow-release briquets, sprays, foggers, and baits.
Commercial produ cts inclu de ZR-51 5, Altos id SR-10 and CP-10 , Apex SE,
Diacon, Dianex, Kabat, Minex, Pharorid, and Precor.
Methoprene is neither an irritant nor a sensitizer in humans or laboratory
animals.
Systemic toxicity in laboratory animals is very low. No human poison-
ings or adverse reactions in exposed workers have been reported.
