Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 3.6
EC Draft Priority List of potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (from CEC Com (2001) 262, pp. 15-19, quoted in
ENDS Report 306
, p. 42, July 2000)
Pesticides
Industrial chemicals
Biocides
Chlordane
High
Styrene
High
Tributylstannyl salicylate
High
Chlordane
High
Butylbenzyl phthalate
High
Methoxyethylacrylate
(
cis
and
trans
)
High
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
High
tributyltin copolymer
High
Kepone
Di-
n
-butyl phthalate
High
Stannane,
Mirex
High
Bisphenol A
High
(benzoyloxy)tributyl-
High
Toxaphene
High
PCB
High
Stannane, 1,2-phenylene
DDT
High
PCB 153
High
bis (carbonyloxy)
High
p
,
p
¢
-DDT
High
PCB 169
High
Stannane, tributylmethacrylate
High
Tetrachloro-DDT
High
PCB 47
High
Stannane, tributyl-,
Vinclozolin
High
PCB 77
High
mono(napthenoyloxy)
High
Maneb
High
Aroclor 1242
High
Stannane, tributyl (1-oxo-9-
Metam natrium
High
Aroclor 124
8
High
octadecenyl)
High
Thiram
High
Aroclor 1254
High
Stannane, tributyl(octadeca-
Lindane
High
Aroclor 1260
High
9,12-dienoyloxy)
High
Linuron
High
Polybrominated biphenyl ethers
High
Stannane, tributylfluoro
High
Atrazine
High
1,2,3,7,
8
-Pentachlorodibenzodioxin
High
Stannane, tributyl
Acetochlor
High
2,3,7,
8
-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
High
[[[1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-
Alachlor
High
1,2,3,7,
8
-Pentachlorodibenzofuran
High
decahydro-7-
iso
-propyl-l,
Tripheny
High
3,4-Dichloroaniline
High
4a-dimethyl-l-phenanthryl]
Nitrofen
Medium
4-
tert
-Octylphenol
Medium
carbonyl]oxy]
High
Nonylphenol
Medium
Tributyltin carboxylate
High
Tetrabutyltin
Low
Tributyl[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-
4-Nitrotoluene
Low
propenyl)oxy]stannane
High
Tributyltin naphthalate
High
Tributyltin polyethoxylate
High
Tri-
n
-propyltin
High
Tributyltin hydride and oxide
High
Triphenyltin acetate
High
Hexachlorobenzene
High
Table 3.7
Putative effects of oestrogen
mimics on human and animal health
Males
Females
Wildlife
Decreased sperm
Breast cancer
Infertility
counts or quality
Testicular cancer
Cardiovascular effects
Sex changes (Imposex)
Undescended testes
Dysfunctional immune system
Malformed penis
Developmental abnormalities
Intelligence deficit
Intelligence deficit
Thyroid dysfunction
Neurological problems
Neurological problems
Behavioural abnormalities
Some metals, e.g. arsenic and mercury, undergo
microbial alkylation:
Mercury toxicity is enhanced by this process,
whereas the toxicity of organic arsenic species is sig-
nificantly lower than that of the inorganic arsenic
species arsenite and arsenate.
The importance of speciation in metal ecotoxicol-
ogy cannot be overemphasised. The toxicity of alkyl
lead compounds, for example, increases with the
AsO
4
3-
Æ AsO
3
3-
Æ CH
3
As(O)(OH)
2
CH
3
As(O)(OH) Æ (CH
3
)
3
As (aerobically)
Æ (CH
3
)
2
AsH (anaerobically)
Hg
2+
Æ CH
3
Hg
+
Æ (CH
3
)
2
Hg
