Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
1. delivery of compressed gas or liquid by tracks
2. gaseous pipelines.
The choice is strictly related to the above scenarios, and depends on the
technologies and scale selected for hydrogen production [
3
,
100
].
In Fig.
2.6
, the most significant fuel supply options are represented, evidencing
individual steps concurring to the realization of each production-distribution
chain. The centralized manufacture of hydrogen requires means of transportation,
as well as intermediate storage capabilities. In particular, the utilization of
hydrogen produced as gas in centralized plants, located at sites quite far from the
user points, would require a pipeline grid. Pipelines seem more indicated to
transport large quantities of gaseous fuel, and to cover long distances. Road
H
2
DISTRIBUTION
Centralized approach
Distributed approach
H
2
via Coal gasification
Pollutants
H2 users
Pipeline
None
Coal
Plant
H
2
via Natural Gas reforming
H2 users
NG Pipeline
Pipeline
NG
Plant
NG
CPOX-ATR
H
2
via electrolysis
H2 users
Power plant
Grid
electricity
Pipeline
Electrolyser
Compressor
storage
Electrolyser
Pipeline
Electrolyser
PV
array
Storage
Wind
turbine
Fig. 2.6
H
2
supply options in centralized and distributed approaches
