Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
a
EV
S
V
PR
M
EV
EV
H2 Inlet
H2 Purge
BV
BV
PT
N2 Inlet
BV
Ball Valve
FUEL CELL
STACK
EV
Electric Valve
M
Manometer
PR
Pressure Regulator
PT
Pressure Transducer
SV
Safety Valve
b
Air Outlet
BV
BV
CD
EV
AC
AF
PT
Air Inlet
CV
BV
BV
AF
FT
N2 Inlet
FUEL
CELL
STACK
TT
BV
THD
B
V
FD
T
HT
FR
BV
De-Ionized
Water Inlet
BV
BV
PT
S
V
M
BV
Manometer
Pressure Transducer
Sefaty Valve
Thermocouple
Temperature Display
Temperature Regulator
Temperature Transducer
Temperature/Humidity Display
Temperature/Humidity Transducer
Water Level Indicator
M
PT
SV
TC
TD
TR
TT
THD
THT
WL
AC Air Compressor
AF Air Filter
BV Ball Valve
CD Condenser
CV Check Valve
EH Electric Heater
EV Electric Valve
FD Flow Rate Display
FR Flow Rate Regulator
FT Flow Rate Transducer
Humidification
Water Tank
TR
TC
TD
Bubbler
WL
EH
Fig. 7.1 The three sections of the fuel cell system experimental apparatus: a hydrogen feeding,
b air feeding and humidification, and c stack cooling
realized by flowing air through a bubbler filled with de-ionized water, which is
heated at different temperatures by an electric resistance before feeding the cathode
side. Air relative humidity is controlled by humidity and temperature sensors at the
cathode inlet. Stack temperature is measured by a thermocouple placed at the outlet
of the cathode side. During experiments at low pressure, the air flow rate is measured
by a variable area flow meter and regulated by acting on the compressor motor
controller in order to assure the necessary stoichiometric ratio. Two pressure trans-
ducers are placed upstream of the stack to monitor the anode and cathode pressure
during the experimental runs (Fig.
7.1
a, b). During all the experimental tests, the inlet
